Ear Diseases and Conditions Flashcards
What is acute otitis media?
Acute middle ear infection
What is the pathogenesis of AOM?
Inflammation of the middle ear + signs and symptoms of acute inflammation +/- fluid accumulation
Potential spread between pharynx/tonsils to middle ear vis Eustachian tube
TM perforation
Conductive hearing loss
What type of hearing loss can AOM cause?
Conductive
What 3 illnesses are associated with AOM?
URTIs
Obstructive hyperplasia of the tonsils and adenoids
Otitis media with effusion
AOM is often viral true/false
True (but can have secondary bacterial infection)
What bacteria can cause secondary infection in AOM?
Haemophilius influenzae
Strep pneumoniae
Strep pyogenes
Moxarella catarrhalis
Why do children get AOM?
Shorter distance from nasopharynx to inner ear
Less developed immune system
Not able to fully contract the palate muscles
What complications can arise from AOM?
TM perforation
Mastoiditis
Meningitis
When should antibiotic treatment be given for AOM?
> 3 days or complication
What antibiotics can be given for AOM? (1st and 2nd line)
1st line = amoxicillin
2nd line = erythromycin/clarithromycin
What 3 conditions cause chronic otitis media?
Otitis media with effusion
Cholesteatoma
TM perforation
What 3 organisms cause chronic suppurative otitis media?
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Staph aureus
Fungus
