earth

Question 1

asthenosphere

Answer 1

partly molten layer in earths upper mantle just below the lithosphere

Question 2

mantle convection

Answer 2

recurring current in the mantle that occurs when hotter, less dense material rises, cools and then sinks again

Question 3

rift valley

Answer 3

step- sided valley formed on land when magma rises to earths surface at a spreading center

Question 4

ridge push

Answer 4

process in which new material at a ridge or rift pushes older material aside, moving the tectonic plates away from this ridge

Question 5

subduction zone

Answer 5

area of subduction which typically experience large earthquakes and volcanic eruptions

Question 6

slab pull

Answer 6

pulling of tectonic plates as its edge subducts deep into the mantle; helps tectonic plates in motion

Question 7

plate boundry

Answer 7

region where two tectonic plates are spreading apart

Question 8

divergent plate boundry

Answer 8

where tectonic plates are spreading apart

Question 9

convergent plate boundry

Answer 9

where tectonic plates are converging

Question 10

transform plate boundry

Answer 10

where tectonic plates are sliding by

Question 11

fault

Answer 11

large breaks in rock

Question 12

trench

Answer 12

deep underwater valley that is formed when an oceanic plate colides with a continental forced beneath it

Question 13

focus

Answer 13

location inside earth where earthquake starts

Question 14

epicenter

Answer 14

point on earths surface directly above the focus where an earthquake starts

Question 15

volcano

Answer 15

opening in earths surface that when active, spews out gases, chunks of rocks, and melted rocks

Question 16

crust

Answer 16

earths outermost layer formed by lighter materials such as silicon & oxygen floating on top during earths early coiling period

Question 17

earthquake

Answer 17

sudden, ground shaking release of built- up of energy, at or under earths surface

Question 18

hot spot

Answer 18

area where molten rock rises to earths surface

Question 19

inner core

Answer 19

earths solid center

Question 20

lithosphere

Answer 20

layer of earth made up of the crust & uppermost mantle

Question 21

outer core

Answer 21

layer below earths mantle

Question 22

paleoglaciation

Answer 22

extent of ancient glaciers

Question 23

plate tectonic theory

Answer 23

theory that the lithosphere is broken up into large plates that move and rejoin

Question 24

primary waves (p waves)

Answer 24

type of seismic wave (underground) that travel through earths crust causing ground to move in the direction of the waves motion

Question 25

sea floor spreading

Answer 25

when magma rises to earths surface at spreading ridges & as it continues to rise, pushes older rock aside

Question 26

secondary waves (s waves)

Answer 26

type of seismic wave (underground) that causes ground to move perpendicular to direction of waves motion

Question 27

surface waves (l waves)

Answer 27

seismic wave that ripple along earths surface