earth and life EXAM 2

Question 1

what is the term that can describe the expansion of the universe?

Answer 1

red shift?

Question 1

What percent of geologic time is Precambrian?

Answer 1

88%

Question 2

what are the steps in the creation of a solar system?

Answer 2

• Matter is concentrated
• cloud flattens as it rotates
• condensation forms sun
• planetesimals collide to form planets

Question 3

what are the oldest rock crystals on earth

Answer 3

zircons

Question 4

were pillow basalts bigger or smaller in the Archean eon?

Answer 4

Much bigger.

Question 5

what are Komatiites and what is their significance?

Answer 5

Magnesium rich lava flows created under extremely high temperatures that no longer exist.

Question 6

How did continental crust form?

Answer 6

continental accretion

Question 7

what is a craton rock formation?

Answer 7

large, stable portions of continents

Question 8

what is a shield rock formation?

Answer 8

craton exposed at the surface

Question 9

what is the name for Archaebacteria that can tolerate extreme temperatures?

Answer 9

Thermophiles

Question 10

what is the name for Archaebacteria that can tolerate low or no oxygen?

Answer 10

Methanogens

Question 11

what is the name for Archaebacteria that can tolerate high salinity?

Answer 11

Halophiles

Question 12

what are the six kingdoms of life

Answer 12

• Archaebacteria
• Eubacteria
• Plantae
• fungi
• Animalia
• Protista

Question 13

how old is the oldest unquestionable life form and where was it found?

Answer 13

3.2 B.Y.A
south Africa

Question 14

when did the first banded iron formations begin to appear?

Answer 14

3.0 B.Y.A

Question 15

how was oxygen released into the atmosphere?

Answer 15

through photosynthesis.

Question 16

What time do organic compounds appear on earth?

Answer 16

3.5 B.Y.A

Question 17

What happened during the first half of the Proterozoic eon?

Answer 17

Huge amounts of banded iron formation.

Question 18

Can Komatiites be created today? why or why not?

Answer 18

NO because the conditions that create komatiites no longer exist

Question 19

what area of a cell is responsible for photosynthesis?

Answer 19

Chloroplasts

Question 20

define endosymbiosis

Answer 20

can be defined as an organism living inside of another organism.

Question 21

define mutualism

Answer 21

Two organisms both benefiting off of eachother

Question 22

What gas is created from the Garden of Ediacara

Answer 22

Hydrogen sulfide

Question 23

when did the B.I.Fs stop forming?

Answer 23

1.9 B.Y.A

Question 24

What was the name of the oldest continent and when did it form

Answer 24

• Ur
• 3 B.Y.A

Question 25

Describe Proterozoic skeletal fossils.

Answer 25

• vase shape
• tubular
• small size

Question 26

when did multicellular forms become abundant?

Answer 26

2 B.Y.A

Question 27

what was the Proterozoic algal mat called?

Answer 27

the garden of Ediacara.

Question 28

describe what happened during the agronomic revolution.

Answer 28

organisms stopped laying on top of the floor and began to dig into it to hide from predators.

Question 29

what is trophic escalation and how does it apply to the garden of Ediacara?

Answer 29

animals used to carpet the sea floor but once predators like Anomalocaris arrived, they had to dig into the sea floor to hide from predators.

Question 30

How did Eukaryotic cells first evolve

Answer 30

2 prokaryotic cells combined together