Ecological niche modelling and phylogeography reveal range shifts of pawpaw, a North American understorey tree

Question 1

pawpaw

Answer 1

a North American tree of the custard apple family, with purple flowers and edible oblong yellow fruit with sweet pulp.

Question 2

understorey

Answer 2

a layer of vegetation beneath the main canopy of a forest

Question 3

inference

Answer 3

a conclusion reached on the basis of evidence and reasoning.

Question 4

Maxent

Answer 4

a mathematical function in R programming

Question 5

elevation

Answer 5

the height of the level, especially the sea level

Question 6

herbarium

Answer 6

a systematically arranged collection of dried plants

Question 7

raster

Answer 7

a rectangular pattern of parallel scanning lines followed by the electron beam on a television screen or computer monitor.

Question 8

gulf

Answer 8

a deep inlet of the sea almost surrounded by land, with a narrow mouth.

Question 9

straddle

Answer 9

sit or stand with one leg on either side of

Question 10

Appalachian Mountain

Answer 10

are a system of mountains in eastern North America

Question 11

nuclear satellite loci

Answer 11

the position on the chromsome where the microsatellite is coded for

Question 12

refugium

Answer 12

an area in which a population of organisms can survive through a period of unfavourable conditions, especially glaciation.

Question 13

incremental

Answer 13

relating to or denoting an increase or addition, especially one of a series on a fixed scale

Question 14

encompass

Answer 14

surround and have or hold within

Question 15

retreat

Answer 15

move back or withdraw

Question 16

ramet

Answer 16

A physiologically distinct organism that is part of a group of genetically identical individuals derived from one progenitor, as a tree in a group of trees that have all sprouted from a single parent plant.

Question 17

genet

Answer 17

a colony of plants, fungi or bacteria that come from a single genetic source.