Ecology

Question 1

NAME THREE EXAMPLES OF BIOTIC FACTORS. NAME THREE EXAMPLES OF ABIOTIC FACTORS.

Answer 1

Fungi, bacteria, and fish are examples of biotic factors. Sunlight, air, and precipitation are examples of abiotic factors.

Question 2

WHAT ARE THREE FACTORS THAT AFFECT POPULATION SIZE?

Answer 2

Birthrate, Deathrate, and migration.

Question 3

Immigration

Answer 3

A population may increase if individuals move into its range from elsewhere

Question 4

Emigration:

Answer 4

A population may decrease if individuals move out of range.

Question 5

WHAT ARE TWO TYPES OF POPULATION GROWTH?

Answer 5

Logistic growth, Exponential growth

Question 6

Logistic growth

Answer 6

occurs when growth slows then stops following exponential growth. 3 phases.

Question 7

Exponential growth

Answer 7

Population increases rapidly if you provide a population with all the food and space it needs population will increase.

Question 8

DEFINE COMPETITION

Answer 8

When organisms compete with one another for food, water, space, nesting sites and materials, sunlight and other essentials.

Question 9

GIVE THREE EXAMPLES OF THE DENSITY-DEPENDENT FACTORS

Answer 9

Parasatism and disease, predation, and competition.

Question 10

GIVE THREE EXAMPLES OF THE DENSITY-INDEPENDENT FACTORS -

Answer 10

• Unusual weather patterns, natural disasters, seasonal cycles and human activities.

Question 11

GIVE THREE REASONS AS TO WHY THE HUMAN POPULATION GREW VERY SLOWLY FOR MOST OF HUMAN HISTORY

Answer 11

Life was harsh, food was scarce, incurable diseases, bad sanitation and hygene.

Question 12

GIVE THREE REASONS AS TO WHY, ABOUT 500 YEARS AGO, THE HUMAN POPULATION STARTED TO GROW EXPONENTIALLY -

Answer 12

Agriculture and industry, world food supply became more reliable, improved sanitation

Question 13

WHO WAS THOMAS MALTHUS AND WHAT DID HE PREDICT -

Answer 13

T - An English economist, according to him human population growth would not continue indefinitely, He predicted two centuries ago that war, famine, and disease would limit human population growth.

Question 14

WHAT IS DEMOGRAPHY

Answer 14

The Scientific study of human populations, examines the characteristics of human populations and attempts to explain how those populations will change over time

Question 15

GIVE AN EXAMPLE OF PRIMARY ECOLOGICAL SUCCESSION. GIVE AN EXAMPLE OF SECONDARY SUCCESSION.

Answer 15

Primary succession (occurs slowly, soil must form, not previously supported life) when lava cools and creates new rocks, retreat of glaciers, landslides
Secondary succession (happens faster, soil is already prepared, due to natural disasters or human activity) After forest fire, after flood, after hurricane