Economic Change

Question 1

What are the three economic sectors?

Answer 1

• Primary (working with natural resources)
• Secondary (manufacturing products)
• Tertiary (providing services)

Question 2

Why has the primary sector declined?

Answer 2

• Farming (cheaper to import food and increased mechanisation)
• Mining (cheaper to import and coal is bad for the environment)
• Fishing (mechanisation)

Question 3

Why has the secondary sector declined?

Answer 3

• It’s cheaper to make products abroad
• De-industrialisation
• Transport enables good to travel faster
• Modern communications
• Growth of transnational corporations

Question 4

Why has China’s economy grown?

Answer 4

• Available natural resources
• Close to other developing countries
• Cheap workforce (40p per hour)
• Increase in globalisation
• Increase in literacy rate

Question 5

Why has the tertiary sector grown?

Answer 5

• Richer countries can afford better services
• Technological advances (new job opportunities in IT)
• Many HICs are becoming ageing populations (there are more elderly people with disposable income)

Question 6

What are the benefits of rural de-industrialisation?

Answer 6

• There is less pollution
• Different industries star to invest
• Old buildings and land can be made into tourist attractions (The Eden Project, Cornwall)
• Ugly buildings are removed
• Land can be used for wildlife, recreation or landfill

Question 7

What are the costs of rural de-industrialisation?

Answer 7

• Jobs are lost
• Less income means less spending power (impact the economy)
• There is less income from tax because there are fewer industries to pay tax
• Unemployment benefits have to be payed
• Derelict buildings look ugly