EDUCATION TOPIC FOUR (paper 1) Flashcards
Gender Differences in Education
EXTERNAL FACTORS:
How has the impact of feminism effect achievement?
McRobbie:
Study of girls magazines
1970s: emphasised marriage and not being ‘left on the shelf’
Nowadays: Images assertive, indépendant women
Changes encouraged affect girls self-esteem intern improving educational achievement
What changes has there been in the family?
Since 1970s:
increase in divorce rates
increase in cohabitation
increase in lone parent families
smaller familes
How does changes in the family affect girls achievement?
Increase in lone parent female-headed means females have to take on breadwinner role.
Creates a new role model for girl-financially independent woman
To achieve woman need well paid jobs which means good qualifications.
How has changes in women’s employment improved female achievement?
1970 equal pay act
Since 1975 pay gap halved from 30% to 15%
women in employment has risen from 53% to 72%
Breaking through glass ceiling
How has girls changing ambitions improved female achievement?
Sharpe:
Interviews girls in 1970s & 90s
1974:
Low aspirations, educational success was unfeminine, appearing ambitious was unattractive. Prorates to love, marriage, husbands, children, jobs and careers’
1990s:
proities and ambitions changed. See their future independent with a career rather than being dependent on a man
INTERNAL FACTORS:
How has Equal opportunities improved female achievement?
Policies such as GIST & WISE encourage girls to pursue careers in non-traditional areas
The national curriculum 1988 made it so girls and boys study mostly same subjects
Boaler:
Key reason for girls achievement as its removed barriers and schools become meritocratic
How has GCSE and Coursework improve female achievement?
Browne:
Girls are most successful in coursework as they are more conscientious and better organised
How does Teacher attention influence gender achievement?
