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KIn A&P > Elbow Joint > Flashcards

Elbow Joint Flashcards

1
Q

What are the five anterior muscles of the elbow/radioulnar joint

A

biceps brachii, brachialis, brachioradialis, pronator teres, pronator quadratus

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2
Q

What are the three posterior muscles of the elbow/radioulnar joint

A

triceps brachii, anconeus, supinator

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3
Q

How many anterior muscles make up the elbow and radio ulnar joint

A

5

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4
Q

How many posterior muscles make up the elbow and radio ulnar joint

A

3`

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5
Q

How do you strengthen the biceps brachii

A

Curl
Chin-ups
Horizontal rowing

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6
Q

How do you strengthen the brachialis

A

Curl (especially from the pronated position)
Chin-ups
Horizontal rowing

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7
Q

How do you strengthen the brachioradialis

A

Curl (especially from the neutral position)
Chin-ups
Horizontal rowing

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8
Q

How do you strengthen the pronator teres

A

Pronating dumbbell curls

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9
Q

How do you strengthen the pronator quadratus

A

Pronating dumbbell curls

“unscrewing motion”

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10
Q

What muscle is used in baseball for a screwball

A

pronator quadratus

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11
Q

What is the primary action of the pronator quadratus

A

pronation

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12
Q

How do you strengthen the triceps brachii

A

Bench Press
Overhead Press
Dips
“extensions” (any type)

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13
Q

How do you strengthen the anconeus

A

any elbow extension exercise

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14
Q

What is the primary action of the supinator

A

supination

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15
Q

How do you strengthen the supinator

A

Any elbow extension in combination with supination

“screwing motion

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16
Q

What muscle is used in baseball to execute a curveball

A

supinator

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17
Q

What are the common elbow injuries

A
  • lateral humeral epicondylitis
  • elbow bursitis
  • ulnar neuritis
  • little league/pitchers elbow
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18
Q

Causes:

  • Tip of the elbow receives a sharp blow and injures the bursa
  • Repeated falls irritates the bursa wall
A

elbow bursitis

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19
Q

Diagnosis:

-“small egg” hanging off the elbow

A

elbow bursitis

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20
Q

Treatment for Elbow Bursitis

A
  • Ice twice daily for 20 minutes
  • Aspirin
  • 5 days to 1 week
  • Extreme cases – drain the sac and inject cortisone
21
Q

Causes

  • Excessive strain on the muscular attachments
  • “backhand” 90% and “forehand” 10%
  • Improper form
  • Racquet too heavy
  • Playing on grass or cement
  • Too much tension on strings
  • Oversized grip
A

lateral humeral epicondylitis

22
Q

Diagnosis

  • Pain
  • Extension of elbow and then wrist flexion causes pain
A

lateral humeral epicondylitis

23
Q

Treatment of lateral humeral epicondylitis

A
  • rest & aspirin

- tennis lessons

24
Q

Tennis lbow

A

lateral humeral epicondylitis

25
Q

Causes:

The ulnar nerve stretches or becomes loose

A

ulnar neuritis

26
Q

Cause: throwing or racquet sports that twang the nerve

A

ulnar neuritis

27
Q

Diagnosis:

  • Discomfort that comes and goes (stage 1)
  • Pain radiates from the elbow to the hand (stage 2)
  • Feels like your little finger and a portion of your ring finger and hand is always asleep (stage 3)
  • Tap the nerve for Tinel’s sign
A

ulnar neuritis

28
Q

Stage 1 of ulnar Neuritis

A

Discomfort that comes and goes

29
Q

Stage 2 of Ulnar Neuritis

A

Pain radiates from the elbow to the hand

30
Q

Stage 3 of Ulnar Neuritis

A

Feels like your little finger and a portion of your ring finger and hand is always asleep

31
Q

a way to detect irritated nerves. It is performed by lightly tapping (percussing) over the nerve to elicit a sensation of tingling or “pins and needles” in the distribution of the nerve

A

Tinel’s sign

32
Q

Treatment for ulnar neuritis

A
  • rest & aspirin
  • relief in 4-6 weeks
  • extreme causes require surgery to restore growth center
33
Q

Origin of biceps brachii

A
  • coracoid process

- supraglenoid tubercle

34
Q

insertion of biceps brachii

A
  • rod of tuberosity

- bicipital aponeurosis

35
Q

Origin of brachialis

A

distal half of anterior portion of humerus

36
Q

Insertion of brachialis

A

coronoid process of ulna

37
Q

Origin of brachioradialis

A

distal 2/3 of lateral condyloid

(supracondyloid) ridge of humerus

38
Q

Insertion of brachioradialis

A

lateral surface of distal end of radius at styloid process

39
Q

origin of pronator teres

A

distal part of medial condyloid ridge of humerus, medial side of ulna

40
Q

insertion of pronator teres

A

middle 3rd of lateral surface of radius

41
Q

origin of pronator quadratus

A

distal 4th of anterior side of ulna

42
Q

insertion of pronator quadratus

A

distal fourth of anterior side of radius

43
Q

origin of triceps brachii

A

-infraglenoid tubercle of scapula

  • upperhalf of posterior surface of the humerus
  • distal 2/3 of posterior surface of humerus
44
Q

insertion of triceps brachii

A

olecranon process of ulna

45
Q

origin of anconeus

A

posterior surface of lateral condyle of the humerus

46
Q

insertion of anconeus

A

posterior surface of upper ulna and olecranon

47
Q

origin of supinator

A
  • lateral epicondyle of humerus

- neighboring posterior part of ulna

48
Q

insertion of supinator

A

lateral surface of proximal radius just below head

KIn A&P (3 decks)

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