Electrolytes

Question 1

Electrolytes

Answer 1

Charged Atoms (ions)
Ex. Na+ , K+ , H+

Question 2

What are the 3 rules of Electrolytes?

Answer 2

1) Water determines concentration
2) Nomenclature (how things are named)
3) “Two Worlds” - Cell & Extracellular

Question 3

Hypo & Hyper ?

Answer 3

Hypo- too little
Hyper- too much

Question 4

Volemia

Answer 4

Water

Question 5

natremia

Answer 5

Na+
( sodium )

Question 6

kalemia

Answer 6

K+
(potassium)

Question 7

how much total body water is in the cell?
how much total body water is outside of the cell?

Answer 7

• 2/3
• 1/3

Question 8

most potassium is _____ the cell ?

Answer 8

Inside

Question 9

Most sodium is ____ the cell ?

Answer 9

Outside the cell

Question 10

Body fluids tested medically- blood, urine, salvia, gastric juices, Etc.
Are theses intracellular or Extracellular ??

Answer 10

Extracellular
- Always testing Extracellular but water

Question 11

Would the hematocrit of a patient that is hypovolemia go up or down? Why?

Answer 11

Up because the % of total blood that is made up of RBC get higher, as fluid levels drops

Question 12

Hematocrit

Answer 12

The % by volume of red blood cells in your blood

• Hematocrit gives us an idea of what’s going on w/ water

Question 13

T / F : hypervolemia results in hyponatremia ?

Answer 13

True

Question 14

If a patient is hyponatremic, does the water movement go into or out of the cell?

Answer 14

Into because water follows salt

Question 15

What is the greatest concern for sodium?

Answer 15

Osmotic environment
(what’s happening w/ water?)

Question 16

What is the greatest concern for potassium?

Answer 16

What is the effect on action potentials?

Question 17

Push or don’t push potassium?

Answer 17

Don’t push potassium!!

Question 18

Acidosis

Answer 18

Common in hospitals, treated w/ bicarbonate

Question 19

Metabolic acidosis

Answer 19

Depletion in plasma bicarbonate- by acid production, GI loss (diarrhea) etc.

Question 20

Respiratory acidosis

Answer 20

Increase in serum CO2 - inhibition of respiratory center or muscles, impairment or respiratory membrane

Question 21

Metabolic Alkalosis

Answer 21

Loss of H+ (by vomiting, over administration or bicarbonate etc. )

Question 22

Respiratory Alkalosis

Answer 22

By hypoxia (not enough oxygen), overstimation of respiration, Etc.