Endocrine System

Question 1

Answer 1

Pituitary Gland

The anterior is bigger than the Posterior; releases Prolactin hormone

Posterior is smaller; released Oxytocin hormone

Question 2

Answer 2

Thyroid Gland is bigger and pink; releases a Thyroxine hormone

Dark purple is the parathyroid; releases a Parathyroid hormone

Question 3

Answer 3

Adrenal gland

Cortex on top; produces Androgen (DHEA)
Medulla in bottom by open pocket; produces Epinephrine

Question 4

What are the following 2 that functions of the thyroid hormone?

Answer 4

1. Determines the basal metabolic rate
2. Increases the rate of metabolism of carbohydrates

Question 5

What hormone is produced by the C cells in the thyroid gland?

Answer 5

Calcitonin

Question 6

Bark or Rind is the meaning of the prefix ________

Answer 6

Cort-

Question 7

A ______ messenger is a biochemical (I.e., cAMP) generated in response to the binding of a hormone to a cell-surface receptor. It’s role is to induce changes by activating other enzymes.

Answer 7

Secondary

Question 8

Aldosterone helps to regulate blood volume by stimulating _______ conversation in the kidneys.

Answer 8

Sodium

Question 9

Cortisol is secreted by the zona ______ of the adrenal cortex.

Answer 9

Fasciculata

Question 10

The pancreatic hormone that stimulates an increase in blood glucose levels is _______.

Answer 10

Glucagon

Question 11

Which cells of the thyroid gland produce calcitonin?

Answer 11

Extrafollicular

Question 12

Which of the following is a unique feature of the endocrine system?

Answer 12

It’s organs are not anatomically adjacent to each other.

Question 13

What is the relationship between steroid hormones and cell membranes?

Answer 13

Steroid hormones can diffuse easily through cell membrane.

Question 14

Amines, peptides, and proteins are example of ________ hormones that bind to receptors in the target cell membrane.

Answer 14

Nonsteroid

Question 15

When activated by a hormone, some target cells produce _______ which then induce the effects of the hormone stimulation within the cell.

Answer 15

Second messengers

Question 16

Cortisol (hydrocortisone) is a ________ that affects glucose, protein, and fat metabolism and is produced in the ______ zone of the adrenal cortex.

Answer 16

Glucorticoid; middle

Question 17

Glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis are stimulated by the pancreatic hormone _______.

Answer 17

Glucagon

Question 18

Steroid hormones are _____ hormones.

Answer 18

Lipid-soluble

Question 19

The parathyroid hormone is ______.

Answer 19

A protein

Question 20

Insulin, no steroid hormone, binds with a cell membrane receptor causing activation of proteins inside the cell. What would you consider insulin to be in this example?

Answer 20

A 1st messenger

Question 21

The pancreas works as a(n) ______ gland that secretes digestive juices into the pancreatic duct and as a(n) ______ gland that releases hormones into the bloodstream.

Answer 21

Exocrine and endocrine

Question 22

PTH, also known as parathormone is secreted by the _______ glands.

Answer 22

Parathyroid

Question 23

Over 30 different types of steroid hormones, many vital to life, are produced and secreted by the ______.

Answer 23

Adrenal cortex

Question 24

Release by the anterior pituitary gland, the ______ hormone stimulates cell division, increases protein synthesis, and causes bone elongation.

Answer 24

Growth

Question 25

Muscle and bone cells, in particular, are targeted by ______.

Answer 25

Growth hormone