Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

ANP 1105 > Endocrine system > Flashcards

Endocrine system Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 5 main endocrine glands

A

Pituitary
Thyroid
Parathyroid
Adrenal
Pineal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the three glands that are both endo and exocrine

A

Pancreas
Gonads
Placenta

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the main neuroendocrine gland

A

Hypothalamus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What’s it called when a cell targets itself

A

Autocrine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Cell that targets a nearby cell

A

Paracrine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Cell that targets a distant cell through the bloodstream

A

Endocrine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are steroids synthesized from

A

Cholesterol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is synthesized from cholesterol

A

Steroids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Can water soluble hormones enter the cell

A

NO

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Can lipid soluble hormones enter the cell

A

Yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What type of hormone acts on intracellular receptors

A

Lipid soluble

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What type of hormone acts on plasma membrane receptors

A

Water soluble

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

amino acid based hormones are water or lipid soluble

A

Water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the exception to amino acid hormones being water soluble

A

Thyroid hormones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the lipid soluble hormones

A

Steroid and thyroid hormones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

cAMP is produced from ATP through the action of what

A

Adenylate cyclase enzyme

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

cAMP is rapidly degraded by which enzyme

A

phosphodiesterase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What does Adenylate cyclase enzyme do

A

Turns on cAMP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what turns off cAMP

A

phosphodiesterase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

How is gene transcription stimulated

A

cAMP response element binding protein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What are the three types of endocrine gland stimuli

A

Humoral
Neural
Hormonal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What kind of endocrine gland stimuli:
Hormones released due to altered levels of critical ions or nutrients

A

Humoral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What kind of endocrine gland stimuli:
Hormone release caused by neural input

A

Neural

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What kind of endocrine gland stimuli:
Hormone release caused by another hormone

A

Hormonal

25
Q

Receptor activation depends on what three factors

A

Blood hormone levels
Relative number of receptors
Strenght of receptor for hormones

26
Q

Up regulation

A

More receptors to respond to low levels

27
Q

Down regulation

A

less receptors, target cell gets desensitized to prevent overreacting to persistently high levels

28
Q

What kind of hormones circulate in blood attached to plasma protiens

A

Thyroid hormones and steroids (aka lipid soluble)

29
Q

What two things does teh concentration of circulating hormones reflect

A

Rate of release
Speed at which the hormones are inactivated

30
Q

How are hormones removed from blood (3)

A

Degrading enzymes
Kidneys
Liver

31
Q

What is the half life

A

time required for the hormone levels in blood to decrease by half

32
Q

What is response time

A

How long it takes for a hormone to start working

33
Q

What is the range of response time

A

immediate to hours to days

34
Q

True or false: some hormones are inactive until they enter target cells

A

True

35
Q

What is the response duration

A

How long a hormone response lasts

36
Q

Lipid or water soluble:
Long half life in blood

A

Lipid soluble

37
Q

Lipid or water soluble:
Short half life in blood

A

Water soluble

38
Q

Lipid or water soluble:
Most need to be metabolized by liver

A

Lipid soluble

39
Q

Lipid or water soluble:
Most can be removed by kidneys

A

Water soluble

40
Q

Lipid or water soluble:
Stored in secretory vessels

A

Water soluble

41
Q

Do lipid soluble hormones need to be stored in secretory vesicles

A

No

42
Q

Lipid or water soluble:
Usually free in plasma

A

Water soluble

43
Q

How is the hypothalamus and the pituitary gland connected

A

Via the infundibulum

44
Q

How many hormones does the pituitary gland secrete

A

8

45
Q

How many lobes does the pituitary gland have

A

2

46
Q

What is the technical term for the pituitary gland

A

hypophysis

47
Q

What does the posterior pituitary gland secrete

A

neurohormones

48
Q

posterior love + infundibulum =

A

neurohypophysis

49
Q

What lobe of the pituitary gland is neural tissue dervied from down-growth of the brain

A

Posterior pituitary

50
Q

What is another name for anterior pituitary

A

adenohypophysis

51
Q

What love of the pituitary gland is glandular tissue derived from oral mucosa

A

Anterior pituitary

52
Q

What lobe of the pituitary gland is the “true hormone producing” gland

A

Anterior pituitary/ adenohypophysis

53
Q

What are parvocellular neurosecretory cells

A

Small neurons within PVN

54
Q

What are the 6 hormones released by the hypothalamus

A

GnRH
GHRH
TRH
CRH
SS/GHIH
PIH

55
Q

What are the 6 peptide hormones released by the anterior pituitary

A

GH
TSH
ACTH
PRL
FSH
LH

55
Q

What two peptide hormones are released when GnRH is present

A

FSH
LH

56
Q

What peptide hormone is released when CRH is present

A

ACTH

56
Q
A
56
Q
A

ANP 1105 (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions