Endocrine System and Hormones Flashcards
What is the endocrine system?
system of glands that secrete hormones into the bloodstream
Give 2 differences between the endocrine and nervous system
- ES: hormones travel through the blood, NS: electrical impulses pass along neurones
- ES: slower, longer lived response, NS: quicker, shorter lived response
What do both the nervous and endocrine system aim to do?
maintain a constant internal environment
Where is the pituitary gland located?
brain
Which organ monitors and controls blood glucose concentration?
pancreas
Which hormones interact to regulate blood glucose levels?
insulin and glucagon
What is the cause of Type 1 diabetes?
pancreas produces insufficient insulin
What is the cause of Type 2 diabetes?
body cells no longer respond to insulin
What is the function of the kidneys?
filter and reabsorb useful substances from the blood, and produce urine to excrete excess water, ions, and urea
How are excess amino acids excreted from the body?
deaminated to form ammonia in the liver, ammonia is converted to urea and excreted
Which hormone controls water levels in the body?
ADH
What is the function of FSH?
- causes eggs to mature in ovaries
- stimulates ovaries to produce oestrogen
What is the function of LH?
stimulates ovulation
What is the function of oestrogen?
- builds up uterus lining
- inhibits FSH
- stimulates LH
What is the function of progesterone?
- maintains uterus lining
- inhibits FSH and LH
