Endometrial Cancer Flashcards

1
Q

Who gets endometrial cancer?

A

Post-menopausal women
High oestrogen women
HNPCC carriers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Think of some groups who have high-circulating oestrogen?

A
  • Obese women
  • E2 or tamoxifen therapy
  • PCOS sufferers
  • Early menarche or Late menopause women
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Endometrial cancer comes in 2 main types called?

A

1 - Endometrioid Adenocarcinoma

2 - Uterine Serous & Clear Cell Carcinomas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Which type of endometrial cancer is more common?

A

Endometrioid Adenocarcinoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Which type of endometrial cancer is more dangerous?

A

Uterine Serous & Clear cell carcinomas are higher grade, more aggressive and come with worse prognosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Who gets which kind of endometrial cancer?

A

Women with high oestrogen get Endometrioid adenocarcinoma

Older women tend to get the uterine serous and clear cell carcinomas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

How does an endometrial cancer present?

A

Abnormal Vaginal Bleeding

Including post-menopausal bleeding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What else causes post-menopausal bleeds?

A
8% - Endometrial cancer
Otherwise:
- HRT
- Vaginitis
- Polyps
- Other cancers
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How would we investigate a case of abnormal vaginal bleeding?

A

Pelvic & speculum Exam
Transvaginal US followed by Endometrial biopsy or hysteroscopy
(Confirm diagnosis by histology)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What signs would you look for on Transvaginal US?

A

Endometrial thickening (>4mm) and irregular contour would suggest cancer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Most cases of endometrial cancer are caught early, how would we treat one of those?

A

Total Abdominal Hysterectomy & Bilateral Salpingoophorectomy with washings

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

How else can we treat endometrial cancer?

A

High risk histology can indicate Chemotherapy

If its advanced we can use Radiotherapy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What kinds of RT can we use in endometrial cancers?

A

External Beam RT

Caesium Insertion (intra-cavity or vault)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

How can we treat endometrial cancer if we need to palliate?

A

Progesterone can help

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How often is endometrial cancer cured?

A

Early 85% but more advanced is down to 21%

Overall 5YS is around 78%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

How do we stage endometrial cancer?

A

With the FIGO classification:

  • 1 = in myometrium
  • 2 = In cervix
  • 3 = In serosa
  • 4 = In other pelvic organs