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Internal Medicine Board Exam > ENT/Derm/Eye > Flashcards

ENT/Derm/Eye Flashcards

(52 cards)

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1
Q

Sensorineural Hearing loss at lower frequencies
Tinnitus
Vertigo lasting greater than 20-minute episodes
Aural Fullness

What symptoms does this sound like?

A

Meniere Disease

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2
Q

Acute Vertigo Onset
Gait Instability
Nausea/Vomiting
No hearing loss or tinnitus

What is this?

A

Vestibular Neuritis

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3
Q

Facial Paresthesia
Hyperesthesia
Pain, in face, what are we thinking?

A

Trigeminal Neuralgia , treatment is Carbamazepine

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4
Q

Unilateral hearing loss
Tinnitus
Difficulty walking
Physical Exam: asymmetric sensorineural hearing loss

What is this?

A

Acoustic Neuroma

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5
Q

What is this? This will come and go, recurrent and painful oral mucosal lesions

A

Recurrent Aphthous Somatitis or Canker Sore (the technical term)

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6
Q

Patient has HIV, painless lesions, and then cannot be scrapped off with a tongue depressor. What is this?

A

Oral Hairy Leukoplakia

FYI: If lesions can be scrapped off, think oral thrush

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7
Q

What disease has fever, chills, malaise, mouth pain, stiff neck, drooling, and dysphagia? No trismus, patients may lean forward to keep airway open

A

Ludwig Angina, infection in submandibular space

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8
Q

What is trismus?

A

Jaw range of motion is limited

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9
Q

What cardiac/vascular complication does a Turner Syndrome patient have?

A

Coarctation of the Aorta

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10
Q

Bimekizumab and adalimumab are great medications that can treat what skin disease?

A

Hiradenitis Suppurativa

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11
Q

What is this picture showing? Patient has this on palms and soles. This is brought on by stress and nickel contact. Treatment is topical calcineurin inhibitors, light therapy, or steroids

A

Dyshidrotic Eczema, known for blisters on hands and feet (differentiates from routine Eczema)

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12
Q

This rash occurs with patients that have Parkinson’s and HIV, itching and flaking of skin at his hairline, what is this?
What is the treatment?

A

Seborrheic Dermatitis

Antifungals (Ketoconazole)

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13
Q

This was brought on by a recent viral infection, what is this skin disease?

What should be done?

A

Erythema Multiforme

Anti-viral medication

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14
Q

What is this, what should be done?

A

Herpes Zoster (Shingles)

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15
Q

The following rash appears, should antiviral treatment be given after 72 hours?

A

If immunocompromised or new lesions are developing can give after 72 hours, then anti-viral medications can be given. Otherwise, treatment should not be given

Shingles

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16
Q

This appeared when a patient had Sjogren Syndrome, neutrophils and fibrinoid necrosis & leukocytoclastic is seen on the biopsy, what is this?

A

Leukocytoclastic Vasculitis

Can be seen with Hep C or Malignancy

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17
Q

What could this be?
What are hallmark characteristics?

A

Atopic Dermatitis or Eczema (same thing!!!)

Dry Skin and Pruritus, usually in flexural/antecubital fossa areas

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18
Q

With this skin condition (atopic dermatitis or eczema), if topical immunosuppressants are not working, what else can be given?

A

Tacrolimus and pimecrolimus

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19
Q

Atopic Dermatitis or Eczema

What medical treatment can worsen this condition?

A

Lotions with a higher water content or gels with alcohol (dry out the skin)

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20
Q

Seborrheic Dermatitis has a strong relationship with what diseases?

A

HIV, Parkinson, Mood Disorders, and AIDS

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21
Q

What lesion is this? This is normally seen with inflammatory bowel disease, rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, or a hematologic disease

Study These Flashcards
A

Pyoderma Gangrenosum

22
Q

Alopecia Areata can be treated with what?
What is the hallmark, microscopic finding?

Study These Flashcards
A

Interlesional Steroids

Exclamation Point hairs seen in the margins

23
Q

Cutaneous wart, what is the first line treatment?

Study These Flashcards
A

Salicylic Acid

24
Q

A venous lake lesion, what happens when the lesion is compressed?

Study These Flashcards
A

It should disappear

25
With regards to intertriginous psoriasis, what can be given?
Topical Tacrolimus or pimecromilus
26
When there is mild to moderate plaque psoriasis what is the best treatment opition?
Topical Corticosteroids and Calicipotriene (topical vitamin D)
27
If an ex-IV drug user has areas of erosion, crusting, skin hyperpigmentation, and fine scaring on the back of the hands, ears, extensor surfaces of the arms, and back of neck?
Porphyria Cutanea Tarda (Hep C concern)
28
If a patient has floaters what are we concerned about?
Retinal Detachment
29
Eye Pain, Redness, Sensitivity to bright lights, no discharge, what should I think about?
iritis/anterior uveitis
30
Eye discomfort that spreads to the other eye with morning crusting, watery discharge, and preauricular adenopathy is suggestive of what?
Viral Conjunctivitus
31
# With regards to the eye: Unilateral Redness, discharge, foreign body sensation, and light sensitivity, contacts, has not changed them recently, what is this disease?
Bacterial Corneal Ulcer, need emergent eye doctor evaluation
32
Severe Unilateral Eye pain, sectoral hyperemia, no trauma, is what?
Scleritis, patient should be evaluated for Rheumatoid Arthritis No visual changes or photophobia
33
Episcleritis vs scleritis is what? Treatment for Episcleritis?
Scleritis has severe pain, episcleritis does not Episcleritis has normal vision, Scleritis does not Lubricating Gel is tx
34
Infection of the upper eye, acute onset of localized, painful swelling via an infected eyelash follicle, usually is what?
Hordeolum, style Crusting is common
35
What is a Pterygium?
Irritation, foreign body
36
Ocular morning crusting and discharge, foreign body sensation, vision unaffected is what? Bacteriacloggedoilglands
Blepharitis
37
What is a non-infective blockage of the Meibomian gland orifice that causes the gland to rupture inside the tarsal plate? The resultant foreign body reaction causes a rubbery, palpable nodule, it is rarely tender and does not cause lid or conjunctival erythema.
Chalazion or Hordeulom
38
What is an accumulation of white blood cells that may be grossly visible in the inferior part of the anterior chamber?
Hypopyon
39
If a young female is engaged in unprotected sexual activities and has ocular concerns, what is the result?
Adult Inclusion Conjunctivitis
40
Ptosis, Anhidrosis, and Miosis is seen when what nerve lesion is seen?
A lesion along the sympathetic Nerve chain, in the neck Horner's Syndrome
41
Vision changes that are concerning for a TIA, what medication should be given?
Aspirin
42
What are Hollenhorst plaqes?
Cholesterol Emboli within retinal blood vessels
43
A patient has allergic conjunctivitus and olopatadine is prescribed. What does this medication do?
Mast Cell stabilizer
44
What is seen? Let's assume the patient frequently wears contacts
Corneal ulcer 2/2 Pseudomonas Aerginosa. Patient should be given Gatifloxacin Drops
45
Episcleritis patient is given phenylephrine drops, what will happen?
Decreased Blanching and improvement of ocular erythema after phenylephrine drops
46
Anterior Scleritis patient is given phenylephrine drops, what happens?
No blanching or erthyema improvement
47
Anterior Scleritis affects the superficial and episcleral plexus. What three symptoms will the patient have? Infection of the sclera or white part of the eye
Severe Pain Decreased Vision Increasing Tearing
48
What is most common infection with contact lens use? Mucopurulent Drainage can be seen
Bacterial Keratitis, need broad spectrum abx, cover for Pseudomonas Aerg.
49
Herpes Simplex keratitis what will be seen on flurescein stain?
Branching or Dendritic Pattern
50
# Seen on Retinal Exam Cherry Red Spot on eye evaluation? Thunder and Lightening?
Central Retinal Artery Occlussion Central Vein Occlussion
51
HIV patients have an increased risk of what Parotid Gland Pathology?
Sialolithiasis
52
A young patient has M.S. the retinal image is seen here. Patient endorses blurry vision, color change, and eye pain with movement. What is this?
Optic Neuritis

Internal Medicine Board Exam (19 decks)

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