life and death (other than creation) Flashcards
what is stewardship
caring for the planet and managing it’s recourses. Many believe that god has given humans a special duty to take are of the world in his place, as his precious possession
what meant by a global citizen
the idea that we should all see ourselves as part of a global community. We should view the whole world as our home and not just our immediate community
what do humanists base their thinking on
evidence, they reject ideas that rely on the belief of a supernatural being.
do humanists agree with the idea of stewardship? Why?
they agree with the idea of stewardship as they believe that humans have the responsibility to work towards a more sustainable world
what is H4BW
- Humanists for a Better World
- they are a group that creates networks for humanists to share ideas on campaigning for issues such as peace, international co-operation, justice and climate change
what is a quote that backs up the humanist perspective
‘The humanist perspective places a strong emphasis on personal responsibility for our actions and the importance of social co-operation and we very much hope that humanists for a better world can build upon this tradition.’ -Andrew Copson Chief Executive Officer of the BHA
what is domnation
rule over nature
what do conservative Christians believe about the environment
they believe that god the right to use the earths utilities for human benefit
what are two quotes that support the conservative Christian perspective and what do they mean
- ‘you have made them (humans) a little lower than angels and crowned them with glory and honour. You made them rulers over the works of your hands; you put everything under their feet’ - Plasm 8:5-6- humans have superiority over the rest of god’s creations. God has given humans power to rule over the earth
- ‘God blessed them and said to them.. “Rule over the fish in the sea and the birds in the sky and over every living creature on the ground.”’ - Genesis 1:28- God has blessed human beings and commanded them to rule over and have complete power over his creation.
what do liberal Christians believe about the environment
they believe that humans should be stewards of the earth rather than exploit it.
They believe that they have a responsibility over the environment, looking after it’s resources. God has entrusted humans to be stewards and use the earth’s materials in a sustainable manner
what are green Christians
environmental activists who promote awareness and action at churches, community and national levels
what are two quotes that support the liberal Christian perspective? What do they mean?
- ‘Cultivate it and care for it’ - Genesis 2:15- this means to look after and guard gods creation, the earth. Humans should not abuse the environment as it was a gift from god
what is speciesism
the idea that humans should not discriminate against animals. It is a prejudice that mist humans have in favour of our own species. Being human is not a good enough reason to have greater moral rights than non-human animals
created by Perter singer, he argues that just as racism sexism are wrong, so is speciesism
what is dualism
the belief that humans are made of two seperate parts: the soul and the physical body
the soul lives in the physical body and is the true inner part of us and will live on after the body dies
what is materialism
nothing else exists apart form physical matter, all that humans have is a physical body and there is no soul
what is non-dualism
the body and the soul are united as one and cannot be separated
the soul is temporarily sperated after death and reunited with the body on judgement day
what is the Christian perspective on the afterlife
- humans have one earthly existence followed by an eternal afterlife
- the dead will rise and be judged by god to sperate those worthy and those not worthy
- soul is the inner part of the bring and the body is the home of the soul
- soul gives humans their aliveness and forms their personality
- Genesis 2:7 “breathed life into his nostril” God gives Adam a soul
- humans are connected to god through their souls
- Thomas Aquinas taught that ensoulment happened while the foetus is developing (the moment the soul enters the body)
what is the humanist perspective on the afterlife
- materialists and do not believe that humans have souls
- they believe scientific explanations and think that humans are living creatures who will decompose when they die
- don’t believe in an afterlife
- philosopher Gilbert Rile “ghosts in the machine” the idea that the soul is a made up aspect which humans do not have
what is the humansist perspective on heaven, hell and judgement
- there is nothing in the afterlife: no soul, no immortal consciousness, no cosmic judge, divine paradise or fiery hell
- life on earth should be made the most of
- believe science and there is no scientific explanation for the afterlife and it is a mythical place
what is the Christian perspective on heaven, hell and judgement
- believe in resurrection and eternal life, death is not the end but a gateway to perfect existence
- heaven is the true home and life on earth is a test for eternity
- Jesus’ resurrection was proof that the afterlife is the true goal
- those who have accepted Jesus and God will go to heaven, those who have rejected God will go to hell
- dualist Christians believe that the physical body will decay on earth after separating from the soul and the soul will be united with god in heaven
- evangelicals believe that humans will have a bodily resurrection like Jesus
- “So it will be with the resurrection of the dead. The body that is sown is perishable, it is raised imperishable … If there is a natural body, there is a spiritual body” 1Corinthians 15:42-44 proof for souls, resurrection and that the physical body is imperfect but the soul is perfect
- heaven is to be in God’s presence existing in pure beauty and kindness and hell is to be in constant torment, cut of form god and all that is good and loving
- refer to heaven and hell as real places
- Liberals may argue that heaven and hell are symbolic of the consequences of actions
what is the parable of the sheep and the goats
Matthew 25:31-46
Jesus’ teachings on how an individua can enter paradise
is they help the lesser, it is like they are helping Jesus and can enter paradise, those who do not will enter hell
“he will reply ‘Truly I tell you, whatever you did not do for one of the least of these, you did not do for me’ Then they will go away into0 eternal punishment, the righteous into eternal life”
what is the conservative view in abortion
- condemned abortion as early as 2nd century AD “you shall not kill the embryo by abortion and shall not cause the new born to perish”
- exodus 20:13 “you shall not murder” life begins at contraception so abortion is considered murder, god is the only one who can end a life
- Job 1:21 “the lord gave and the lord has taken away” only god has the ability to decide when life ends and has a plan for all humans therefore going against his plan is wrong
- Psalms 127:3 “children are a heritage form the lord, offspring a reward from him” children are a gift form god, humans are meant to have children as intended by god
what is the liberal view on abortion
the lesser of two evils
“love your neighbour”
“do not judge or you will be judged”
what is the Christian perspective on the sanctity of life
- life is made and protected by god
- god made mankind in his own image
- Genesis 1:27 “God created mankind in his own image” humans are special as they are created by god, superior to other creations as they are not like god, humans are special as they are like god
- Genesis 2:7 “God formed man from the dust of the ground and breathed life into his nostril” humans were purposefully moulded by god and did not evolve but were purposeful. God is p-personal with them through their souls and life is seen as a gift from god
- as life is sacred, only god has the power to take it away
- Quakers believe that the death penalty and fighting in wars is wrong as each person is a reflection of god and life is sacred
- 1 Corinthians 3:16 “ God’s spirit dwells in your midst” God lives within each human and humans are special as god resides within them
- god begins life so artificial contraception is not allowed
- Jeremiah 1:5 “before I formed you in the womb I knew you” God has chosen each [person’s destiny and set out their fate
- story of creation shows that everything is was created by god with an intention and purpose
