Enzymes Flashcards
Why is an enzyme called a biological catylist?
Increases the rate of reaction in living organisms.
How do substrates enter an enzyme?
Substrate binds to active site
Substrate and active site are complimentry
Enzyme-substrate complex formed
How can phosphate bound to the back of an enzyme make it functional?
Changes the shape of enzyme/active site
active site can bind to substrate as it is complimentry.
What is an effector binding site called
Allosteric site
What is a competitive inhibitor?
Similar shape to the substrate molecule - compete to bind with active site
What is a non-competitive inhibitor
Binds to enzyme at allosteric site - changes shape of the active site
this prevents the Substrate from binding.
2 ways enzymes are able to reduce the activation energy.
Hold 2 substrates close together in enzyme-substrate complexes
and making it easier for them to collide
Straining/stressing bonds within substrates
and making it easier to break them.
Induced fit hypothesis - explain
Parts can move
not perfect 3D fit with substrate
Active site changes to fit substrate shape
stress substrate/weaken bonds to lower activation energy
How do enzymes denature
High temperature
Low/high PH
in both, weak bonds in tertiary structure break.
changes 3D structure of active site
