Enzymes Flashcards
Anabolic
Building up
Catabolic
Breaking down
Lock and key hypothesis
Only a specific substrate will fit the active site of an enzyme
Products leave and the enzyme is unchanged
Induced Fit hypothesis
Shape of active site changes slightly as the substrate enters
Intracellular enzymes
Act inside of cells
Extracellular enzymes
Act outside of cells
How does temperature effect enzymes?
Increases kinetic energy
More successful frequent collisions
Increase rate of reaction
Increase vibrations and put strain on enzymes (higher temps)
How does pH effect enzymes?
The more hydrogen ions present (low pH) the less R groups are able to interact with eachother
Substrate and enzyme concentration
Higher collision rate
More enzyme substrate complexes
Reaches Vmax
Competitive inhibition
Similar shape to substrate
Fits into active site
Enzyme substrate complexes cannot form
Non competitive inhibition
Binds to allosteric site
Causes change to tertiary structure
Active site changes shape
End product inhibition
Product of a reaction acts as an inhibitor to the enzyme that produces it
Cofactors
Non protein group in order to carry out their function
inorganic ions
Coenzymes
Organic cofactors
Prosthetic group
Tightly bound and forms a permanent feature of the protein
