Escape room notes for genetics

Question 1

The accuracy of DNA replication and
separation of sister chromatids during cell
division are all regulated by a number of
highly controlled processes, including the
____________activity of DNA polymerase and
____________. If disrupted, mutations can
result causing a number of genetic diseases.

Answer 1

proofreading and mismatch repair

Question 2

The sense strand of DNA provided should first be
__________ into an mRNA. This could be done two
ways, but the simplest method is that the mRNA would
have the same sequence as the DNA sense (coding)
strand, but contain U’s instead of T’s.

The mRNA should then be translated into a
polypeptide using tRNAs. tRNAs contain the
anticodons for the mRNA codons and the appropriate
amino acids. Remember that the start codon is AUG
and no amino acids would be added before that. There
is also no tRNA with an anticodon for stop codons,
hence why no amino acids are then added.

Answer 2

transcribed

Question 3

Remember that a common way for mismatch mutations
to occur is through ___________ (e.g. oxidation of
guanine) that is not fixed resulting in non-Watson Crick
base pairing. If the DNA is replicated, this will result in a
change in the DNA sequence for each subsequent
daughter cell carrying that DNA. This is fairly common
and results in single nucleotide variation throughout
genomes that is a major factor in the genetic variability
we see across and within species

Answer 3

DNA damage