ethics

Question 1

can be provisionally
described as the empirical study of moral decisions.
It is a discipline concerned with what is morally good
and evil, right and wrong.

Answer 1

Ethics or moral philosophy

Question 2

derived from the Greek word “ethos” which may
mean

Answer 2

tradition, habit, character, or attitude.

Question 3

which concerns human
behavior in general, is to address our questions
about the essence of human behavior.

Answer 3

Normative ethics

Question 4

2 Fields of Normative Ethics

Answer 4

Moral philosophy, applied ethics

Question 5

deals with moral
ideas such as what human beings
“must do or how human beings
should be.”

Answer 5

Moral philosophy

Question 6

is a philosophy that
discusses strong and basic moral
issues linked to abortion.

Answer 6

Applied ethics

Question 7

refer to the guidelines we
have on the types of acts that we find to be morally
permissible and morally unacceptable

Answer 7

Moral standards

Question 8

is a discipline that relies on meaning.
It is a science that is seeking to address non-moral
questions about morality

Answer 8

Meta-ethics

Question 9

on the contrary,
apply to laws which are not related to social or legal
considerations.

Answer 9

Non-moral standards

Question 10

is a Decorum propriety means
reverence for the formal criteria governing conduct
in a civilized society.

Answer 10

Etiquette

Question 11

are the basis of the capacity of an
individual to distinguish between right and wrong.

Answer 11

Values

Question 12

refers to a situation that
causes an organization to respond
negatively or positively to an ethical issue
that affects staff, shareholders, and society,
as well as corporate ethics and customers.

Answer 12

organizational
ethical dilemma

Question 13

pertains to a
situation where individuals confront with a
number of factors such as peer pressure,
personal financial position, an economic and
social status which may influence all
individual ethical standards.

Answer 13

individual
ethical or moral dilemma

Question 14

is part of every individual’s life. It is
just a query as to whether an individual remains
aware of doing what is good and what is right.

Answer 14

Socialization

Question 15

selecting a proper system of responsibilities
and relationships, which is a continuing
universal challenge.

Answer 15

structural moral dilemma

Question 15

The
conflict between the distribution of jobs and the
organization of numerous activities generates a
classic dilemma.

Answer 15

Differentiation vs. Integration

Question 16

When the main tasks are not
explicitly defined, the critical job will slip through
gaps.

Answer 16

Gap vs Overlap

Question 17

When
employees are not clear about what they are
expected to do, they often adapt their tasks to
personal interests instead of system-wide goals that
often lead to problems.

Answer 17

Lack of Clarity vs. Lack of Creativity

Question 18

Interdependence When individuals or groups are too
independent, they are always isolated.

Answer 18

Excessive Autonomy vs. Excessive

Question 19

Good will is
unique as it is always good and retains its
moral values even though it fails to
achieve its moral intentions.

Answer 19

GOOD WILL AND DUTY

Question 20

Kant believes that perfect duty is more
important than an imperfect duty: when a
conflict of duty arises, perfect duty must
be carried out

Answer 20

PERFECT AND IMPERFECT DUTIES

Question 21

command
unconditionally. Irrespective of our
wishes or desires, a categorical
imperative binds us as everyone has a
responsibility not to lie, regarless of
conditions and even though it is in our
interest to do so.

Answer 21

Categorical imperative

Question 22

When anyone
acts, it’s a maxim, or a principle.

Answer 22

UNIVERSALIZABILITY

Question 23

The
second interpretation of Kant’s
Categorical Imperative is to view life as
an end in itself: “Act in such a way that
you treat humanity, whether in your own
person or in the person of another,
always at the same time as an end and
never simply as a means.”(Immanuel
Kant, Groundwork fo the Metaphysics of
Morals)

Answer 23

HUMANITY AS AN END IN ITSELF

Question 24

provides that “the rules of taxation
shall be uniform and equal” and that “a democratic
system of taxation shall be established by the
Congress.”

Answer 24

Constitution: Article VI, Section 28 of the
Constitution

Question 25

the major sources of revenue for
local government units

Answer 25

Local laws

Question 26

enacted as Republic Act No. 8424 or the
Tax Reform Act of 1997

Answer 26

National law National Internal Revenue
Code

Question 27

Kant’s definition of freedom is

Answer 27

the right to
control one’s actions based on reason, not desire

Question 28

According to________-, culture is at the root of
human alienation from the environment.

Answer 28

Kohak (1984)

Question 29

he defined culture as a concept that refers
to a broad and diverse collection of often intangible
areas of social life.

Answer 29

Cole (2019)

Question 30

he introduced culture as the collective
knowledge and schemes generated by a group of
people to perceive, view, convey, and react to the
social realities around them.

Answer 30

Lederach,(1995)

Question 31

he explicated culture as the
characteristics and awareness of a specific
community of people, including language, religion,
food, social behavior, etiquette, fashion, music, and
the arts.

Answer 31

Zimmerman (2017)

Question 32

The Filipinos always try
to give an interpretation of the actions or they take
things personally.

Answer 32

Extreme Personalism

Question 33

The Filipinos
have very high family protection whether in good or
poor condition and circumstance (consentidor)
(overprotected)

Answer 33

Extreme Family Centeredness

Question 34

The Filipinos have a rather
relaxed attitude, but bad time management (famous
Filipino time).

Answer 34

Lack of Discipline

Question 35

They ‘re
demanding someone’s accomplishment, so they’re
not displaying the same flag just because of race.

Answer 35

Passivity and Lack of Initiative

Question 36

Filipinos have what we call
patriotism vs active awareness mentality.

Answer 36

Colonial Mentality

Question 37

Filipinos have selfserving attitude that generates feeling of envy and
competitiveness towards others (status vs prestige).

Answer 37

Kanya-kanya Syndrome

Question 38

Filipinos
are superficial and dreamy.

Answer 38

Lack of Self Analysis and Reflection

Question 39

it refers to good fortune;
pleasure; contentment; joy

Answer 39

Happiness

Question 40

is a freedom from disturbance;
tranquility.

Answer 40

Peace

Question 41

is the state of being free or at
liberty, freedom from control, interference,
obligation, restriction, hampering conditions,
etc

Answer 41

Freedom

Question 42

is the state of being safe; freedom
from the occurrence or risk of injury, danger,
or loss.

Answer 42

Safety

Question 43

is a capacity for learning,
reasoning, understanding, and similar forms
of mental activity

Answer 43

Intelligence

Question 44

as a formal expression or gesture
of greeting, esteem, or friendship

Answer 44

Respect

Question 45

is the state or quality of being
equal; correspondence in quantity, degree,
value, rank, or ability

Answer 45

Equality

Question 46

is the quality of being just;
righteousness, equitableness, or moral
rightness

Answer 46

Justice

Question 47

is the material world, especially as
surrounding humankind and existing
independently of human activities.

Answer 47

Nature

Question 48

is the general condition of
the body or mind with reference to
soundness and vigor: good health

Answer 48

Health