Exam 1

Question 1

What is the amplitude of the vibration?

Answer 1

The extent of particle displacement

Question 2

What is amplitude an indication of and how is it measured?

Answer 2

It is an indication of intensity or power of the sound. It is measured in decibels (dB)

Question 3

What is loudness of a signal related to?

Answer 3

It is related to its intensity

Question 4

What is loudness measured in?

Answer 4

Even though it is perceptual…it is measured in phones or sones

Question 5

Are intensity and loudness linearly related?

Answer 5

NO. Sensations of equal loudness for differnet frequencies require different intensities.

Question 6

What are the physical properties of sound?

Answer 6

Time, Intensity/Amplitude, Frequency

Question 7

What is Frequency? and how is it measured?

Answer 7

of cycles/second. Hz

Question 8

What relates directly to pitch?

Answer 8

Frequency

Question 9

What is pitch?

Answer 9

It is a sensation. It is the perception that is experienced by the listener when frequency changes (or when two different frequencies are presented and differentiated by the listener.

Question 10

Pitch is measured in what?

Answer 10

Mels

Question 11

What is the equation to figure out PERIOD?

Answer 11

1/Freq. x1000 (ms)

Question 12

What is PERIOD?

Answer 12

The time it takes for one cycle to be completed.

Question 13

What is the velocity of air (in normal atmospheric conditions) sounds travels…how fast?

Answer 13

344 meters/second or 1130 ft/second

Question 14

What is the equation for a wavelength?

Answer 14

Wavelength = c/f where c equals velocity and f equals frequency

Question 15

What is the definition of wavelength?

Answer 15

The length of a cound wave is the distance in space that one cycle occupies.

Question 16

What are the 2 factors that wavelength depends upon?

Answer 16

The frequency of the vibration and the velocity of the sound wave

Question 17

Higher frequency sounds have shorter or longer wavelength

Answer 17

shorter

Question 18

What is a resonator?

Answer 18

Something that is set into forced bibration by another vibration

Question 19

What is an acoustic resonator

Answer 19

The air filled boxes behind the strings of a guitar or above the glottis.

Question 20

What is the source

Answer 20

The sound from the vocal folds

Question 21

What is the filter?

Answer 21

Structures and forces that change the “buzz” from the source to the sound that we perceive

Question 22

What is the equation for frequency in open-closed tube and why is it important.

Answer 22

f= c/4L where f equals frequecy, c equals velocity and L is in ft. It is important because we use it to figure out Lowest resonant frequency

Question 23

What is the Source Filter Theory?

Answer 23

A. Glottal Source

B. Frequency response of the neutral vocal tract (Filter) C. Filtered Output

Question 24

What are Formants?

Answer 24

Resonant harmonics of the vocal tract

Question 25

What is the Source function?

Answer 25

The glottal source with its many harmonics

Question 26

What is the transfer function?

Answer 26

Filters the source function according to the frequency response of the vocal tract.

Question 27

What is the Output

Answer 27

The sound that emerges from the lips has the same harmonics as the sound at the glottis, but the amplitudes of the harmonics have been modified altering the quality of the sound