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Physics: Acoustics and Harmonics > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Sources of Sound (5)

A

vibrating bodies
changing airflow
time-dependent heat sources; lightening
super-sonic flow
motion force, kinetic energy, potential energy

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2
Q

speed =

A

distance/time

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3
Q

instantaneous speed

A

Instantaneous speed is a measurement of how fast an object is moving at that particular moment

velocity: magnitude (instantaneous speed) and direction

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4
Q

acceleration

A

rate at which velocity changes overtime
involves change in speed or direction or both

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5
Q

newtons second law

A

acceleration is proportional to force and inversely proportional to mass

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6
Q

force is a

A

vector, an object that has both a magnitude and a direction.
the pound is a unit of force and can therefore be equated to newtons but not kilograms

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7
Q

acceleration was created by Galileo based on his

A

experiments with inclined planes

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8
Q

inertia

A

an option in motion will stay in motion unless acted upon by another force

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9
Q

whenever one object exerts force on a second object,

A

the second object in motion will stay in motion unless acted upon by an outside force

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10
Q

newtons third law

A

cannon, cannonball

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11
Q

the magnitude of a force can be measured using a

A

spring scale

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12
Q

liquid always has

A

pressure on its container walls

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13
Q

atomic theory of matter

A

Each chemical element is made of fundamental units called ATOMS
energy cannot be created nor destroyed

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14
Q

pressure is defined

A

as the force per unit

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15
Q

when fluids are in motion you measure the ____ ____ through the

A

flow rate through the equation of continuity

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16
Q

streamline/ laminar flow are examples of

A

smooth flow

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17
Q

turbulent flow has eddies so the

A

viscosity of the fluid is greater

Turbulent flows develop spinning or swirling fluid structures called eddies.

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18
Q

a combination of

A

energy and matter create the universe

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19
Q

energy (4)

A

mover of substance
both a thing and a process
observed when it is being transferred or transformed
a conserved quality

20
Q

work involves

A

force and distance
application is force
force x distance
W=Fd

21
Q

the work-energy theorem

A

the net work done by the forces on an object equals the change in its kinetic energy.

22
Q

potential energy

A

energy possessed by a body

23
Q

kinetic energy

A

energy possessed by a body in motion

24
Q

friction is a nonconservative force

A

if friction is present work, it doesn’t only depend on the start and finish but also the path taken

25
Q

conservative forces

A

gravitational, elastic, electric

26
Q

nonconservative forces

A

friction, air resistance, tension in a cord, motor or rocket propulsion, push or pull by a person

27
Q

distance =

A

speed x time

28
Q

the motion of particles in a wave can either be perpendicular (a) or parallel (b)

A

(a) transverse
(b) longitudinal

29
Q

a wave is pictorially represented by a

A

sine curve

30
Q

a period is

A

measuring the time it takes for something vibrating to oscillate back and forth

31
Q

surface is

A

frictionless

32
Q

displacement is measured

A

on the equilibrium point

33
Q

crests

A

high point in the wave

34
Q

troughs

A

low point in the wave

35
Q

wavelength (graph)

A

length

36
Q

amplitude (graph)

A

height from the equilibrium point

37
Q

vibrating bodies vibrate in the air

A

and causes local air pressure to increase and decrease slightly, these pressure fluctuations travel outward as a new sound wave

38
Q

changing airflow

A

singing, vocal cords open and close

39
Q

time-dependent heat sources

A

thunder results from rapid heat in air by bolt

40
Q

supersonic flow

A

shock waves result when air flows faster than the speed of light, bullet

41
Q

amplitude is the

A

MAX displacement

42
Q

if the mass is at the limits of its motion the energy is all

A

potential

43
Q

if the mass is at the equilibrium point the

A

energy is kinetic

44
Q

velocity =

A

frequency times the wavelength (in the period)

45
Q

a phase is

A

the exact position of waves

Physics: Acoustics and Harmonics (1 decks)

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