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Microbiology > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

6 I’s of Microbiology

A 
Inoculation
Incubation
Isolation
Inspection
Information
Identification
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2
Q

Gram positive color

A

Purple

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3
Q

Gram negative color

A

Red

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4
Q

Atypical cell walled color

A

no stain

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5
Q

Bacteria with no cell wall

A

Mycoplasma

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6
Q

Mixture of one or more substances

A

Solution

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7
Q

Dissolving medium

A

Solvent

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8
Q

Substances comprising a solution

A

Solute

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9
Q

Electrons in the outer shell

A

Valence Electron

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10
Q

Attractive bond between two polar molecules;H2O

A

Hydrogen bond

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11
Q

Repeating subunit that create polymers ie: Glucose

A

Monomer

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12
Q

Macromolecule composed of chains of monomers ie: DNA/Proteins

A

Polymer

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13
Q

Reacting molecule loses water molecule forming water

A

Dehydration synthesis

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14
Q

Water is combined with two hydroxyl groups (polymers) to create monomer

A

Hydrolysis

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15
Q

Substance to grow bacteria

A

Media

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16
Q

Identification method using dye

A

Staining

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17
Q

Appendage that provides power

A

Flagellum

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18
Q

two or more Flagellum found in Spirochetes

A

Axial filaments

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19
Q

Small bristle like fibers on surface of prokaryotes

A

Fimbriae

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20
Q

Like fimbrae, Gram neg. used in “conjunction”

A

Pili

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21
Q

Gel like substance in cell membrane

A

Cytoplasm

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22
Q

Peptidoglycan(PG)

A

Cell Wall

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23
Q

cell membrane+cell wall

A

Cell Envelope

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24
Q

Protects from dehydration or loss of nutrients

A

Slime Layer

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25
Q

Made of polysaccharides, protein, thick/sticky

A

Capsule

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26
Q

Carb rich coating to protect bacteria

A

Glycogalyx

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27
Q

Bacteria cell wall

A

peptidoglycan

28
Q

Directed movement in response to chem. stimuli (pos/neg)

A

Chemotaxis

29
Q

Way to differentiate bacteria species

A

Gram stain

30
Q

Contains genetic material

A

nucleoid

31
Q

Small separate fragments of DNA that can reproduce

A

plasmid

32
Q

Site of protein synth that link amino acids

A

Ribosomes

33
Q

Prokaryote

A

No nucleus
No organelles
Unicellular

34
Q

Euharyote

A

Nucleus
Organelles
Multicellular

35
Q

Who discovered microbes

A

Antonie von Leeuwenhook

36
Q

Intracellular storage body/can use fuel(glycogen) when shortage in enviro

A

Inclusions/Granules

37
Q

Hibernating bacteria due to enviro stress

A

Endospores

38
Q

Two life cycles of bacteris/endospores

A

Vegative/endospore

39
Q

Round/sphere shape

A

Coccus

40
Q

Rod shaped

A

Bacillus

41
Q

Plump rod shaped

A

Coccobacillus

42
Q

Curved rod shaped

A

Vibrio

43
Q

Spiral shaped

A

Spirillum

44
Q

Helix w/internal flagellum

A

Spirochete

45
Q

Pair grouping

A

Diplo-

46
Q

Group of four grouping

A

Tetrad-

47
Q

Cluster grouping

A

Staphylo-

48
Q

Chain grouping

A

Strepto-

49
Q

Cube grouping

A

Sarcina

50
Q

Hinged at the ends/fence like

A

Palisades

51
Q

Bacteria that thrives in extreme enviors

A

Extremophiles

52
Q

Bond that shares electrons

A

Covalent bond

53
Q

Bond where an e- transfer occurs

A

Ionic bond

54
Q

Electronegative bond and H+

A

Hydrogen bond

55
Q

Broken ionic bond separating atom into two charged particles

A

Ion

56
Q

Non polar repels water

A

Hydrophobic

57
Q

Polar attracts water

A

Hydrophillic

58
Q

Polar molecule important to biology

A

Water

59
Q

Polarity helps with what?

A

Reactivity, structure, forms hydrogen bonds, interact with charged or polar molecules

60
Q

Appendage that provides power by spinning

A

Flagellum

61
Q

Two or more internal flagellum

A

Axial filaments

62
Q

Aggregation of microbes adhered to one another

A

Biofilm

63
Q

Biofilm example

A

Staphylococcus Aureus

64
Q

How does prokaryote DNA differ from eukaryote

A

Singular and circular

65
Q

9 steps of sporulation

A 
Vegetative cell
Chromosome duplicates
Septate: sproangium/forespore
Layer Synth
Cortex develops
Mature endospore
Loss of sporangium
Germination-veg cell
66
Q

Need a host to survive; can’t metabolize

A

Obligate intracellular parasites

67
Q

Photosynthetic bacteria, green/purple sulfur bacteria

A

Free-living non-pathogenic bacteria

Microbiology (5 decks)

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