Exam 1

Question 0

Define culture shock.

Answer 0

Happens when you experience a sense of disorientation upon entering a environment

Question 1

Define Sociology.

Answer 1

The systematic study of the ways in which people are affected by and affect the social structures and social processes that are associated with the groups, orgs, cultures, societies, and world in which they exist. This field always have to be constantly attuned to and involved in studying the changes.

Question 2

What is macro sociology?

Answer 2

It’s large scale looking at groups, orgs, cultures, and society group

Question 3

What is micro sociology?

Answer 3

It’s small scale such as individuals and their thoughts and actions.

Question 4

Define sociological imagination.

Answer 4

A unique perspective that gave them a distinctive way of looking at data or reflecting on the world around them. Ex: ADHD more people are aware of it now and has become less of a personal trouble

Question 5

Define global village/pillage.

Answer 5

Large transnational companies (corporate) are using undue developed countries. Ex: we are using them for our own resources

Question 6

Define Globalization.

Answer 6

The increasing scale, extent, variety, speed, and magnitude of international cross border, social, economic, military, political,money,cultural, interrelations — process by which goods, info, people, money, communication, fashion, and other forms of cultural move across boundaries

Question 7

Define population implosion.

Answer 7

It takes the slowing of population growth as a sign that the population is slowly downsizing and these populations will only grow only depending on resources growth for the population.

Question 8

Define population characteristics.

Answer 8

Variables such as education, income, occupation,Family and house hold relationships and refugee and immigrant status. Ex: educating people about health problems (prevention)

Question 9

Define redistricting.

Answer 9

The reconfiguration of congressional districts that each seat will represent and it requires a census to be taken every ten years to make sure that each state change its political boundaries to make sure each district is equally populated.

Question 10

Define theory.

Answer 10

Are sets of interrelated ideas that have a wide range of application, deal with centrally important issues and have stood the test of time and we need to know how to apply theories to eve land issues.

Question 11

Define targeting.

Answer 11

Involves picking out particular characteristics of people who might purchase this service

Question 12

Define site selection demographics.

Answer 12

Using targeting to help business select sites. Ex: where should a new target or Apple Store located?

Question 13

Define segmentation.

Answer 13

Refers to the manufacturing and packaging of products and services appeal to specific groups within the population

Question 14

Define cluster marketing.

Answer 14

Assumes that neighborhoods have similar sociodemographic characteristics so people might buy similar items.

Question 15

Define conflict theory.

Answer 15

If you have tons of stuff you will act in your own interest and it will always start with a conflict that is usually about economic. Ex: someone has too much education and someone doesn’t and there are levels of inequality

Question 16

Define Functionalist theory.

Answer 16

Social structure and institutions are the same and they all contribute to make the world work and each structure has a function that contributes to the continued stability. Ex: hospital, military, government

Question 17

What is reverse colonization?

Answer 17

Inputting your culture into another culture

Ex: lots of Latino in Los Angeles are including how the city works because they are the majority

Question 18

What is the difference between a doctrine and a theory?

Answer 18

A doctrine does not have to be tested to be true but a theory has to be tested to be true

Question 19

Define Mercantilism.

Answer 19

This looked at nations back then and determined a nations wealth by the amount of precious metals that they had and these metals were acquired through trade.

Question 20

Define physiocratic.

Answer 20

The populations used to determine societal growth but now land and resources influence the population outcomes. Ex: countries have become so structures and craved out resources that this will control the population in the future.

Question 21

Define modernization theory.

Answer 21

It is a macro level theory that shows how social institutions influence individual behaviors and that people don’t decide to move but it’s social forces that influence them. Ex: there are more jobs in another area or it’s cheaper to live at

Question 22

Define rational choice theory.

Answer 22

This theory is at a micro level and believes that human behavior is the result of calculated choices based on a cost benefit analysis. Ex: we calculate everything and this is how we live our whole life thinking about what’s the cost cost and benefit of buying things. And your decision making becomes more individualistic if you’re family isn’t big.

Question 23

What is wealth flow?

Answer 23

It is the exchange of resources and capital from parent to child mentioned in the rational choice theory. Ex: if your dad is a ceo if a big company it’ll be easy to get a job there

Question 24

Define relative income size theory.

Answer 24

The decisions that you make will be based on how much you make and this really determines the advantages of your life. Ex: if you love in a crowded place you won’t be able to have a lot of kids

Question 25

Define Socialism.

Answer 25

This is where the government gives money out to everyone and so everyone received the same amount of money and this is no overproduction or no poverty.

Question 26

What are prudential restraint?

Answer 26

Malthus advocated no sex before marriage which is similar to moral restraint this then created birth controls and such other protections like so to not have kids.

Question 27

Define moral restraint.

Answer 27

Waiting to marry and abstain from having children as long as possible and schooling and debts also keeps people from having kids.

Question 28

Define positive checks.

Answer 28

These are causes of mortality such as heart attack, cancer, diabetes and these are usually deaths not related to famine.

Question 29

Define Capitalism.

Answer 29

It is a free market and people are able to profit through exchanges and there aren’t any barriers to getting any thing you want and this leads to poverty and overproduction.

Question 30

Define preventative checks.

Answer 30

Forms of birth control, abstinence, and abortion

Question 31

What is apportionment?

Answer 31

The use of census data to determine the number of seats in the United States and congress will be allocated to each state usually based on population.

Question 32

Define demographics.

Answer 32

This is the scientific study of human populations and they are interested in change over time and how they are problematic or not. Ex: population change like the Hmong people and why they came

Question 33

What is the IMF? (International monetary fund)

Answer 33

The are the lender of last resort for countries that are broke or can’t borrow money from other sources and they can change countries government and political structures through loans.

Question 34

What is the world bank and what does it do?

Answer 34

It sets policies for loans to developing countries and the president of it is usually elected by the United States and European heads of state.

Question 35

What is the international standards organization (ISO)?

Answer 35

They standardized industrial products and the dimensions of them and this created standardized atm and credit card system across the world.

Question 36

Define International Labor organization (ILO).

Answer 36

It provides technological assistance to national government and creates higher standards of living in the work force.

Question 37

What is population structure and how is the shape of this structure related to mortality and fertility outcomes?

Answer 37

This is how many males and females there are of each age.

Question 38

Explain Malthusian population theory and the preventative/positive checks that keep populations from growing too large.

Answer 38

He said that the population growth rate exceed the capacity for a society to sustain it and then when this happens there will be a negative outcome like shortage or famine. To be able to control it he suggests preventive checks that includes forms of birth control, abstinence and abortion and that there are positive checks like cancer and heart attacks that can lead to people dying can help control growth.

Question 39

How would a micro sociological approach to globalization take place and how would a macro one take place?

Answer 39

A macro approach examines large scale structures to determine how they impact troupe and individuals and you look at the big and see how it is impacting us. A micro approach examines small group interactions to see how they impact larger institutions in society an example of this is studying working conditions at one Apple factory in China to understand how workers are treated in china.

Question 40

What is the sociological imagination and how do we relate it to global cultural exchange?

Answer 40

This gave sociologists a unique perspective of looking at data or reflecting on the world around them and this is useful in helping them see the linkage between private troubles and publics issues. This is a quality of the mind that allows us to understand the relationship between our particular situation in life and what is happening at a social level.

Question 41

What is conflict theory?

Answer 41

When other groups have and others don’t

Question 42

Marxian perspective

Answer 42

The structure of the system has to change and that at each point in history each society developed there own laws for governing population growth