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Physiology 3 > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is responsible for myocardial infarction and most strokes?

A

thrombosis

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2
Q

The vascular spasm associated with trauma, that helps limit blood loss is due primarily to which mechanism?

A

local myogenic spasm

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3
Q

Which of the following is associated with vasoconstriction and potentiates platelet degranulation?

A

Thromboxane A2 release from platelets

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4
Q

Which of the following is effective at dissolving clots that have formed?

A

Plasmin

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5
Q

What is the major function of thrombin?

A

convert fibrinogen to fibrin

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6
Q

NPY released from the sympathetic nervous system may augment which of the following?

A

collateralization

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7
Q

T/F Ca++ is required at all steps in the extrinsic clotting cascade.

A

true

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8
Q

A person whose blood sample clumps when treated with either anti-A or anti-B sera would be what blood type?

A

AB

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9
Q

Lacking the ā€œDā€ antigen would be associated with which of the following?

A

Rh-

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10
Q

Compared to a typical ventricular muscle cell, which of the following is not a characteristic of the SA node?

A

plateau

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11
Q

At the end of repolarization, which of the following ions is closest to its Nernst equilibrium potential?

A

K+

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12
Q

A 2-3 X elevation in extracellular fluid of K+ ions has what effect on cardiac muscle?

A

weakness and flaccidity

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13
Q

Which of the following membrane permeability changes would increase heart rate?

A

decreased membrane permeability to K+

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14
Q

Acetylcholine binds to which cardiac receptors?

A

muscarinic

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15
Q

At rest, if you block both divisions of the autonomic nervous system what will happen?

A

+ chronotropic effect, - inotropic effect

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16
Q

What allows the ventricular myocardium to behave as functional syncytium?

A

intercalated discs

17
Q

Which of the following create only a systolic murmur?

A

aortic stenosis

18
Q

If the left atrial pressure is 7 mmHg., the left ventricular pressure is 5 mmHg., and the aortic blood pressure is 106 mmHg and falling; what phase is the heart in?

A

rapid inflow

19
Q

Increased stretch on the ventricular fibers during filling, have what effect on calcium influx into the ventricular cells?

A

increase

20
Q

What percentage of sympathetic effect on the heart during a fight/fright response is due to blood borne catacholamines from the adrenal medulla?

A

15%

21
Q

A wave of repolarization moving toward the positive recording electrode would create what type of deflection?

A

negative deflection

22
Q

When does myocardial blood flow peak in the left coronary vessel?

A

at the onset of diastole

23
Q

An occasional P wave with no associated QRS complex describes which of the following?

A

second degree AV block

24
Q

What is the effect of driving a potentially self-excitatory cell faster than its own inherent rate?

A

inhibitory effect, less likely to spontaneously fire

25
Q

What is the maximum percentage of oxygen that can be extracted by a tissue from blood perfusing that tissue?

A

70%

26
Q

Normal ejection fractions at rest average what percentage?

A

50%

27
Q

As heart rate increases, cycle length decreases, which of the following statements is true?

A

diastole shortens more than systole

28
Q

Most of the energy consumed by the heart for work is associated with which of the following?

A

pressurization of the blood

29
Q

An inverted T wave is associated with which of the following?

A

myocardial ischemia

30
Q

Infarction of the myocardium associated with which of the following?

A

elevation of troponin T or I in the blood

31
Q

Left cardiac sympathetic denervation has what effect on vagal activity?

A

increases

32
Q

Which of the following would increase likelihood of syncope (fainting)?

A

occlusion of circumflex artery

33
Q

If your body temperature is elevated 3 degrees above normal, you would expect HR to be elevated by about how many beats/minute above normal?

A

30 BPM

Physiology 3 (1 decks)

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