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criminal justice > exam 1 > Flashcards

exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

conduct that violates criminal law which there is no legally accepted justification or excuse

A

crime

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2
Q

embraces all aspects of civilized life and is linked to fundamental notions of fairness and cultural beliefs of right and wrong

A

social justice

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3
Q

treating everyone the same

A

fair

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4
Q

treating people the way they deserve

A

justice

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5
Q

core components of the criminal justice system

A

law enforcement
courts
correction

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6
Q

probable cause

A

the reasonable belief that a specific person has committed a specific crime

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7
Q

requirements of the miranda rights

A

guilty seeking questions and in custody

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8
Q

knowledgeable consent

A

understanding what they agree to

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9
Q

an administrative process officially recording an entry into detention after arrest

A

booking

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10
Q

suspect informed of charges and advised of his/her rights
attorney is appointed usually
opportunity for bail may be appointed

A

first appearance

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11
Q

to determine if there is probable cause for this case that would lead to a trial

A

preliminary hearing

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12
Q

based on outcome of preliminary hearing
formal written accusation filed by prosecutor and outlining charge against the accused
usually for an offense

A

info

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13
Q

required in some states
issued by grand jury
usually for a felony

A

indictment

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14
Q

types of plea

A

guilty
not guilty
no contest

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15
Q

the first appearance of the defendant before the court that has the authority to conduct a trial

A

arraignment

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16
Q

may result in conviction but can’t be used later as an admission of guilt in civil proceedings

A

no contest

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17
Q

a writ issued by a judicial officer directing a law enforcement officer to perform a specified act and affording the officer protection from damages if he or she performs it

A

warrant

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18
Q

evidence is gathered

A

investigation

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19
Q

reconstruct the sequence of activities

A

follow-up investigation

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20
Q

year of Miranda v Arizona

A

1966

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21
Q

an examination of the issues of fact and law in a case, for the purpose of reaching a judgment of conviction or acquittal of the defendant

A

trial

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22
Q

sixth amendment

A

every criminal defendant has a right to a trial by jury

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23
Q

tactics; how we go by doing things

A

procedural law

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24
Q

refers to understandings built up through common usage and also to decision rendered by courts in previous cases

A

precedant

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25
Q

determined by jury

A

jury trials

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26
Q

determined by a judge

A

bench trials

27
Q

Which do people want more? Jury or bench trials?

A

jury because the accused can sway the emotions of the jury

28
Q

lawyers on both sides present info concerning the defendant

A

sentence hearing

29
Q

one sentence after another

A

consecutive sentence

30
Q

sentences running at the same time

A

concurrent sentence

31
Q

consequences of the sentences

A

corrections

32
Q

procedural fairness

A

due process

33
Q

what amendment guarantees due process

A

fifth amendment

34
Q

values the efficient arrest and conviction of criminal offenders

A

crime-control model

35
Q

emphasizes on individual rights

A

due process model

36
Q

crime-fighting strategies that have been scientifically tested and are base on social science research

A

evidence-based practice

37
Q

where do crime statistics come from

A

UCR/NIBRS Program

NCVS

38
Q

NCVS

A

National Crime Victimization Survey

39
Q

UCR

A

Uniform Crime Reports

40
Q

What is the UCR Crime index made up of

A

Part 1 offenses

41
Q

Part 1 offenses

A 
murder
rape
robbery 
assault
burglary 
larceny 
motor vehicle theft
arson
42
Q

Why is UCR/NIBRS better than UCR

A

much more detailed and replaced a lot of the old UCR stuff. Basically reported crime rates

43
Q

calculate crime rate

A

number of crimes/100,000 population

44
Q

calculate clearance rate

A

number of crimes solved/number of crimes committed

45
Q 
unlawful killing of a human being by another
includes: 
all willful and unlawful homicides
nonnegligent manslaughter
Excludes:
suicide
A

murder

46
Q

unlawful taking or attempted taking of property that is in the immediate possession of another by force

A

robbery

47
Q

unlawful sexual intercourse achieved through force and without consent

A

rape

48
Q

the carnal knowledge of a female forcibly and against her will

A

forcible rape

49
Q

nonforcible intercourse w a minor

A

statutory rape

50
Q

unlawful inflicting of serious injury upon the person or another

A

aggravated assault

51
Q

what makes a serious injurt=y

A

life threatening or disabling

52
Q

diff between misdemeanor and felony

A

misdemeanor- less than a year

felony- more than a year

53
Q

unlawful entry of a structure to commit a felony or theft

A

burglary

54
Q

unlawful taking or attempted taking, etc, from the possession of another
aka stealing

A

larceny

55
Q

the theft or attempted theft of a motor vehicle

A

motor vehicle theft

56
Q

the burning or attempted burning of property, with or without the intent to defraud

A

arson

57
Q

Part 2 offenses

A

dui

prostitution

58
Q

purpose of NCVS

A

designed to measure the “dark figure” in crimes and doesn’t require data from police but rather households

59
Q

classification scheme used in the study and description of criminal behavior

A

crime typology

60
Q

using the internet, email, or other communication tech to stalk another person

A

cyberstalking

61
Q

why are elderly people have the lowest rate of victimizations

A

they usually don’t report

62
Q

motivated by hatred, bias, or prejudice, based on the actual or perceived whatever

A

hate crime

63
Q

committing a criminal statute by anybody in the corporation for the corporation

A

corp crime or white collar crime

criminal justice (4 decks)

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