Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

COMM 315: Interpersonal > Exam 1: Ch. 1-4 > Flashcards

Exam 1: Ch. 1-4 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the percentage of most people communicating with others during their waking hours?

A

80%-90%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Interpersonal Communication Defined

A

the distinctive, transactional form of human communication involving mutual influence, usually for the purpose of managing relationships a. *Focuses on the uniqueness of others (“I-thou” Martin Buber)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Other-oriented

A

i. To be aware of the thoughts, needs, experiences, personality, emotions, motives, desires, culture…ect. ii. Thinking about the other communication aspect of the relationship

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Impersonal communication

A

i. A process that occurs when we treat others as objects ii. Relate the person as an object or role instead of an individual iii. “I-it relationship”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Mass communication

A

i. One person vs. a group or audience of people ii. Mass media: television, newspapers 1. …has become more interactive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Public Communication

A

i. Speaker or teacher speaking to an audience

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Intrapersonal communication

A

i. Communication with yourself 1. Your mind and thoughts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Communication Process:

A

1) source 2) message 3) channel 4) receiver 5) noise 6) feedback 7) context

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

communication process: source

A

a originator of a thought that puts it into code that the other person understands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

communication process: message

A

written, spoken, and unspoken meaning

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

communication process: channel

A

the means by which the message is expressed to the receiver - ex: text messaging

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

communication process: receiver decoding

A

receives the message and decodes the meaning of the source

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

communication process: noise

A

interferences that keeps a message from being interpreted as it was intended

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

communication process: feedback

A

response to the message

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

communication process: context

A

physical and psychological environment for communication

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Human communication as action:

A

message transfer takes place when a message is sent and received

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Human communication as interaction:

A

message exchange interactive model views communication as a linear step-by-step process, where both the source and the receiver send and receive messages but not simultaneously

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

human communication as transaction:

A

message creation When speaking face-to-face, you are constantly reacting to your partner’s responses. based on systems theory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Systems theory:

A

Theory that describes the interconnected elements of a system in which a change in one element affects all other elements

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

elements of the system theory

A

Inputs (all of the variables that go into the system) Throughputs (all of the things that make communication a process) Outputs (what the system produces)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Principles of interpersonal communication

A

1) connects us to others 2) irreversible 3) complicated 4) governed by rules 5) involved content and relationship dimensions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

key idea in interpersonal communication in the saying “connects us to others”

A

(You cannot not communicate) 1. People judge you by your behavior, not your intent.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

key idea in interpersonal communication: irreversible

A

you cannot take back your words

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

key idea in interpersonal communication: complicated

A

1) Whenever you are communicating with another person, you are actually communicating with “six other people” 2) Symbol: word, sound, or visual image that represents something else, such as a thought, concept, or object

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

key idea in interpersonal communication: governed by rules

A
  1. Rule: followable prescription that indicates what behavior is obligated, preferred, or prohibited in certain contexts
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Electronically mediated communication (EMC):

A

communication that is not face to face, but rather is sent via a medium such as a smartphone or the internet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Hyperpersonal relationship:

A

a relationship formed primarily through electronically mediated communication that becomes more personal than an equivalent face-to-face relationship because of the absence of distracting external cues, smaller amounts of personal information, and idealization of the communication partner.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Differences between Electronically Mediated communication (EMC) with face-to-face (FtF) communication

A

1) time 2) Varying degrees of anonymity 3) Potential for deception 4) Availability of nonverbal cues 5) Role of written word 6) Distance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Differences between Electronically Mediated communication (EMC) with face-to-face (FtF) communication: time

A
  1. Asynchronous message a. A message that is not read, heard, or seen exactly when it is sent; there is a time delay between the sending of the message and its receipt 2. Synchronous message a. A message that is sent and received simultaneously
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Cues filtered out theory

A

Theory that suggests that communication of emotions is restricted when people send messages to others via text messages because nonverbal cues such as facial expression, gestures, and tone of voice are filtered out.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Media richness theory

A

i. Theory that identifies the richness of a communication medium based on 1. The amount of feedback it allows, 2. The number of cues receivers can interpret, 3. The variety of language it allows, and 4. The potential for emotional expression.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Social information-processing theory

A

i. Theory that suggests people can communicate relational and emotional messages via the Internet, although such messages take longer to express without nonverbal cues. ii. A key difference between face-to-face and electronically mediated communication = rate at which the information reaches you.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Interpersonal communication competence

A

a. Become knowledgeable, skilled, and motivates b. Become other-oriented i. Egocentric communicator 1. Person who creates messages without giving much thought to the person who is listening; a communicator who is self-focused and self-absorbed. ii. Ethics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

self defined:

A

sum total of who a person is; a person’s central inner force

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

self-concept defined:

A

your subjective description of who you think you are – it is filtered through your own perceptions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

What reflects your self-concept:

A

i. Attitude: learned predisposition to respond to a person, object, or idea in a favorable or unfavorable way ii. Beliefs: way I which you structure your understanding of reality – what is true and what is false for you iii. Values: enduring concept of good, and bad, right and wrong

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

mindful defined:

A

i. The ability to consciously think about what you are doing and experiencing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

Subjective self-awareness

A

i. Ability to differentiate the self from the social and physical environment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

Objective self-awareness

A

i. Ability to be the object of one’s own thoughts and attention – to be aware of one’s state of mind and that one is thinking

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

Symbolic self-awareness

A

i. Uniquely human ability to think about oneself and use language (symbols) to represent oneself to others

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

4 stage model:

A

i. Unconscious incompetence ii. Conscious incompetence iii. Conscious competence iv. Unconscious competence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

what are the selves?

A

a. The material self: Concept of self as reflected in the total of all the tangible things you own b. The social self: Concept of self as reflected in social interactions with others c. The spiritual self: Concept of self based on thoughts and introspections

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

Looking-glass self

A
  1. Concept that suggests you learn who you are based on your interactions with other, who reflect your self back to you.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

Attachment styles:

A
  1. Secure attachment style 2. Anxious attachment style 3. Avoidant attachment style
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

secure attachment style:

A

Style relating to others that is characteristics of those who are comfortable giving and receiving affection, experiencing intimacy, and trusting other people

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

Anxious attachment style

A

The style of relating to others that is characteristic of those who experience anxiety in some intimate relationships and feel uncomfortable giving and receiving affections

47
Q

Avoidant attachment style

A

The style of relating to others that s characteristic of those who consistently experience discomfort and awkwardness in intimate relationships and who therefore avoid such relationships.

48
Q

Self-reflexiveness

A

ability to think about what you are doing while you are doing it.

49
Q

Big 5 personality traits

A

a. Extraversion: outgoing, talkative, positive emotions, and sociable b. Agreeableness: friendly, compassionate, trusting, and cooperative c. Conscientious: efficient, organized, self-disciplined, dutiful, and methodical d. Neuroticism: nervous, insecure, emotionally distressed, and anxious e. Openness: curious, imaginative, creative, and adventurous, and inventive

50
Q

Communibiological approach:

A

perspective that suggests that genetic and biological influences play a major role influencing communication behavior

51
Q

Social learning theory

A

: a theory that suggests people can learn behavior that helps them adapt and adjust their behavior towards others

52
Q

Self-worth (self-esteem)

A

Your evaluation of your worth or value based on your perception of such things as your skills, abilities, talents, and appearance

53
Q

Self-efficacy

A

A person’s belief in his or her ability to perform a specific task in a particular situation

54
Q

face defined:

A

A person’s positive perception of himself or herself in interactions with others

55
Q

facework defined:

A

Using communication to maintain your positive self-perception or to support, reinforce, or challenge someone else’s self-perception

56
Q

Protecting others’ face through:

A

i. Politeness theory: Theory that people have positive perceptions of others who treat them politely and respectfully. ii. Face-threatening acts: Communication that undermines or challenges someone’s positive face.

57
Q

Protecting your face through:

A

i. Positive face: An image of yourself that will be perceived as positive by others ii. Preventative face work: Efforts to maintain and enhance one’s positive self-perceptions iii. Corrective face work: Efforts to correct what one perceives as a negative perception of oneself on the part of others

58
Q

How to improve your self-esteem

A

a. Engage in self-talk b. Visualize a positive image of yourself c. Avoid comparing yourself with others d. Reframe appropriately e. Develop honest relationships f. Let go of the past g. Seek support

59
Q

Symbolic interaction theory:

A

theory that people make sense of the world based on their interpretation of words or symbols used by others.

  1. “I” on our own perspective
  2. “Me” that what other people think of me
60
Q

Self-fulfilling prophesy:

A

prediction about future actions that is likely to come true because the person believes that it will come true.

61
Q

Self and interpersonal needs

A

i. Need for inclusion: interpersonal need to be included and to include others in social activities
ii. Need for control –
iii. Need for affection – to give and receive affection

62
Q

Johari window of self-disclosure:

A

model of self-disclosure that summarizes how self-awareness is influenced by self-disclosure and information about yourself from others.

a. Open window
i. Known to others and known to self
b. Blind
i. Known to others but not known to self
c. Hidden
i. Not known to others but known to self
d. Unknown
i. Not known to others and not known to self

63
Q

Self and communication social style:

A

an identifiable way of habitually communicating with others

64
Q

Assertiveness (tasks):

A

tendency to make requests, ask for information, and generally pursue one’s own rights and best interests

65
Q

Responsiveness (relationships):

A

tendency to be sensitive to the needs of others, including being sympathetic to others’ feelings and placing the feelings of others above your own.

66
Q

Interpersonal perception

A

what you decide what people are like and the meaning of their actions

67
Q

Stage One: Selective perception

A

Process of seeing, hearing, or making sense of the world around us based on such factors as our personality, beliefs, attitudes, hopes, fears, and culture, as well as what we like and don’t like; direct our attention to one stimuli and ignore the others;

68
Q

Stage One: Selective attention:

A

focus on that particular stimuli

69
Q

Stage One: Selective exposure

A

tendency to put ourselves in situations that reinforce our attitudes, beliefs, values, or behaviors.

70
Q

Stage One: Selective recall:

A

process that occurs when we remember things we want to remember and forget or repress things that are unpleasant, uncomfortable, or unimportant to us

71
Q

Stage One: Thin slicing:

A

quick judgments on a person by a glimpse

72
Q

Stage two: organizing

A

i. Create categories
1. Superimposing: to place a familiar structure on information you select
ii. Link categories
1. Punctuation: process of making sense out of stimuli by grouping, dividing, organizing, separating, and categorizing information
iii. Seek closure: process of filling in missing information or gaps in what we perceive

73
Q

Understanding interpersonal communicaiton: STAGES (3)

A

1) Selecting
2) Organizing
3) interpreting

74
Q

Impression formation theory:

A

theory that explains how you develop perceptions about people and how you maintain and use those perceptions to interpret their behaviors

75
Q

Impressions:

A

collection of perceptions about others that you maintain and use to interpret their behaviors

76
Q

Passive perception:

A

occurs without conscious effort, simply in response to one’s surroundings

77
Q

Active perception:

A

occurs because you seek out specific information through intentional observation and questioning

78
Q

Implicit personality theory:

A

your unique set of beliefs and hypothesis about what people are like.

79
Q

Construct:

A

bipolar quality used to classify people

80
Q

Uncertainty reduction theory:

A

claims people seek information in order to reduce uncertainty, thus achieving control and predictability

81
Q

Primacy effect:

A

tendency to attend to the first pieces of information observed about another person in order to form an impression
i. People pay greater attention to first impressions than later interactions

82
Q

Predicted outcomes value theory:

A

people predict the value of a relationship based on initial self-assessment compared to the potential costs and rewards of the relationship.

83
Q

Recency effect:

A

tendency to attend the most recent information observed about another person in order to form or modify an impression.

84
Q

l. Halo effect:
m. Horn effect:

A

Halo: attributing a variety of positive qualities to those you like.

Horn: attributing a variety of negative qualities to those you dislike.

85
Q

Attribution theory:

A

theory that explains how you generate explanations to people’s behaviors.

86
Q

Causal attribution theory:

A

theory attribution that identifies the cause of a person’s actions as circumstance, a stimulus, or the person himself or herself.

87
Q

standpoint theory

A

i. Theory that a person’s social position, power, cultural background influences how the person perceives the behavior of others

88
Q

intercultural communication theory: Culture

A

learned system of knowledge, behaviors, attitudes, beliefs, values, and norms shared by a group of people.

89
Q

Identifying barriers to accurate interpersonal perception (6)

A

a. We stereotype
b. We ignore information
c. We impose consistency
d. We focus on the negative
e. We blame others, assuming they have control
f. We avoid responsibility

90
Q

Social identify model of deindividuation effects (SIDE)

A
  1. Theory that people are more likely to stereotype others whom they interact online, because such interactions provide fewer relationship cues and the cues take longer to emerge than they would in face to face interactions
91
Q

Improving interpersonal perception skills (6)

A

a. Be aware of your personal perception barriers
b. Be mindful of the behaviors that create meaning for you
c. Link details with the big picture
d. Become aware of others’ perceptions of you
e. Check your perceptions
f. Become other-oriented

92
Q

Indirect perception checking:
Direct perception checking:

A

indirect: seeking through passive perception such as observing and listening additional information to confirm or refute interpretations you are making
direct: asking for confirmation form the observed person of an interpretation or a perception about him or her

93
Q

Sex and gender

A

i. Sex: biologically based differences that determine whether one is male and female
ii. Gender: socially learned and reinforced – femininity, masculinity, androgyny)

94
Q

Matures (1925-1942)

A
  1. Work hard, have a sense of duty, are willing to sacrifice, have a sense of what is right, and work quickly
95
Q

Baby boomers (1943-1960)

A
  1. Crusade for causes
  2. Buy now, pay later
  3. Work efficiently
96
Q

Generation x (1961-1981)

A
  1. Live with uncertainty
  2. Consider balance important
  3. Live for today
  4. Save
  5. Consider every job a contract
97
Q

Millennial (1982-2002)

A
  1. Are close to their parents
  2. Feel “special”
  3. Are goal-oriented
  4. Are team oriented
  5. Focus on achievement
98
Q

Social class: Emerge from society

A
  1. Virtually every organization or group develops a hierarchy that makes status distinctions
  2. We are more likely to interact with people from our own social class.
  3. People who interact with on another over time teen dot communicate in similar ways; they develop similar speech patterns and expressions
  4. Members of a social class develop ways of communicating class differences to others by the way they dress, cars they drive, homes they live in, schools they attend, and other visible symbols of class.
  5. It is possible to change one’s social class through education, employment and income.
99
Q

Understanding culture: dimensions of our mental software

A

i. Culture: learned system of knowledge, behavior, attitudes, beliefs, values, and norms shared by a group of people
ii. Worldview: individual perceptions by a culture or group of people about key beliefs and issues
iii. Co-culture: a micro-culture; a distinct culture within a larger culture (ex: gay and lesbian)
iv. Enculturation: the process of transmitting a group’s culture from one generation to the next

100
Q

Cultural context:

A

aspects of the environment and/or nonverbal cues that convey information not explicitly communicated through language

101
Q

High-context culture:

A

people derive much information from nonverbal and environmental cues

102
Q

Low-context culture:

A

people derive information from the words of a message and less information from nonverbal and environmental cues

103
Q

Masculine culture:

A

culture in which people tend to value traditional roles for men and women, achievement, assertiveness, heroism, and material wealth

104
Q

Feminine culture:

A

people tend to value caring, sensitivity, and attention to quality of life

105
Q

Develop motivation: strategies to accept others

A

i. Tolerate ambiguity
ii. Be mindful
iii. Avoid negative judgments

106
Q

Communication accommodation theory:

A

theory that all people adapt their behavior to others to some extent

107
Q

Develop knowledge strategies

A

i. Seek information
ii. Ask questions and listen effectively
iii. Create a “third culture”: common ground established when people from separate cultures create a third, “new” more comprehensive and inclusive culture

108
Q

Barriers to effective intercultural communication:

A

i. Ethnocentrism: belief that your culture traditions and assumptions are superior to those of others
iii. Different communication codes
iv. Stereotyping and prejudice
v. Assuming similarities
vi. Assuming differences

109
Q

Avoiding ethnocentrism:

A
  1. Be mindful
  2. Avoid stereotypes
  3. Separate the politics from the person
  4. Communicate interpersonally rather than impersonally
110
Q

Culture shock:

A

feelings of stress and anxiety a person experiences when encountering a culture different from his or her own

111
Q

Intercultural communication

A

a. Communication between or among people who have different culture; traditions.

112
Q

other oriented: Social decentering:

A

cognitive process in which we take into account another person’s thoughts, feelings, and values, background, and perspective

113
Q

Other-oriented: Empathy

A

emotional reaction that is similar to the reaction being experienced by another person; empathizing is feeling what another person is feeling

COMM 315: Interpersonal (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions