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Pharmacology > Exam 1 Drugs MOA_Uses > Flashcards

Exam 1 Drugs MOA_Uses Flashcards

1
Q

Primaquine

A

MOA: Unknown-Maybe ROS Uses:Hypnozoites in ovale and vivax; Only drug against hypnozoites; Gametocidal all 4 plasmodia

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2
Q

Artemisinin

A

MOA:Unknown-Free Radicals; Maybe target PfATP6which is ER Ca2+ ATPase Uses: Blood Schizonticide all species

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3
Q

Chloroquine

A

MOA:Inhibits hemozoin formation in food vacuole Uses:Erythrocytic forms of all plasmodia

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4
Q

Quinine

A

MOA:Inhibits heme polymerization Uses: Blood schizonticide for all plasmodium and Babesiosis

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5
Q

Lariam: Mefloquine

A

MOA: Heme polymerzation inhibitor Uses: Erythrocytic forms of vivax and falciparum

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6
Q

Fansidar:Pyrimethamine-Sulfadoxine

A

MOA:Folate xynthesis inhibitor-pyrimethamine inhibits DHF-reductase Uses: Slow acting erythrocytic schizonticides malaria; toxoplasmosis

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7
Q

Atavaquone

A

MOA: Disrupts mitochondrial e- transport Uses: Any malaria infestation and Chemoprophylaxis

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8
Q

Proguanil

A

MOA: Folate synthesis Inhibitor; DHF-reductase inhibitor Uses: Erythrocytic Schizonticide

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9
Q

Tetra, Doxy, Clindamycin

A

MOA: Targets Apicoplast organelle in plasmodium Uses: Blood Schizonticide

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10
Q

Metronidazole, Tinidazole

A

MOA: May target DNA Uses: E. histolytica; Giardiasis; Trichominiasis

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11
Q

Iodoquinol

A

MOA: Unknown Uses: Kills trophozoites in GI Lumen

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12
Q

Pentamidine

A

MOA: Unknown - Accumulates in parasite Uses: W. African Trypanosomiasis, Visceral Leishmania; Pneumoncystosis

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13
Q

Nifurtimox

A

MOA: Generates ROS Uses: T. Cruzi

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14
Q

Miltefosine

A

MOA:Unknown Uses: Anti-leishmanial

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15
Q

Praziquantel

A

MOA:Disrupts Ca2+ homeostasis causing muscular contraction and spastic paralysis Uses: Cestodes and Trematodes

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16
Q

Beanzimidazoles (Mebendazole, Thiabendazole, Albendazole)

A

MOA: Binds to Tubulin and caps MTs; shortened from (-) end and don’t grow Uses: Albendazole - cysticercosis, pinworms, hookworms, ascaris, trichuris, strongyloidiasis; Mebendzaole - pinworms, hookworms, ascaris, trichuris; Thiabendzaole - none, toxicity

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17
Q

Biethylcarbamazine

A

MOA: Unknown Uses: Filariasis and Loiasis; microfilariae killed fast and adults slowly

18
Q

Ivermectin

A

MOA: Paralyzes microfilariae, intensifies GABA-mediated transmission of signals in peripheral nerves Uses: Strongyloidiaisis and Onchocerciasis

19
Q

Pyrantel Pamoate

A

MOA: Neuromuscular blocking agent causing release of acetylcholine and inhibits cholinesterase Uses: Ascaris and Pinworms

20
Q

Doxycycline (Parasites)

A

MOA: Kills Wolbachia bacteria Uses: Onchocercha die w/o wolbachia

21
Q

Benzylpenicillin(Penicillin G)

A

MOA: _-lactam Abx inhibit transpeptidases that cross-link PG by acetylating Ser Residue on Transpeptidase Uses: G+ cocci; N. gonorrhoeae and H. flu

22
Q

Methicillin

A

MOA: _-lactam Abx inhibit transpeptidases that cross-link PG by acetylating Ser Residue on Transpeptidase Uses: S. Aureus

23
Q

Cephapirin

A

MOA: _-lactam Abx inhibit transpeptidases that cross-link PG by acetylating Ser Residue on Transpeptidase Uses: Same as penicillin

24
Q

Imipenem

A

MOA: _-lactam Abx inhibit transpeptidases that cross-link PG by acetylating Ser Residue on Transpeptidase Uses: G+ and G- bacteria

25
Q

Aztreonam

A

MOA: _-lactam Abx inhibit transpeptidases that cross-link PG by acetylating Ser Residue on Transpeptidase Uses: G- bacteria

26
Q

Vancomycin

A

MOA: Binds to peptidyl side chain in PG precursor and inhibits transpeptidase activity Uses: G+ infections

27
Q

Macrolides (Erythromycin)

A

MOA: Inhibit bacterial protein synthesis by binding reversibly to P site of ribosome inhibiting translocation from A to P-site Uses: G+ and some G-

28
Q

Clindamycin

A

MOA: Binds to bacterial 50S ribosome in the P-site of ribosome and prevents protein synthesis Uses: Staph, Strep, anaerobic G- bacilli like Bacteroides and Fusobacterium

29
Q

Tetracyclines

A

MOA: Bind to 30 S ribosomal subunit and inhibit bacterial protein synthesis blocking tRNA attachment in A site; terminates peptide growth Uses: Broad Spectrum; Chlamydia, Rickettsia, Brucellosis, Spirochetes, Anthrax, Plague, Tularemia, Legionella

30
Q

Chloramphenicol

A

MOA: Binds 50S ribosomal subunit inhibits peptidyl transferase activity and blocks peptide bond formation Uses: Bact. Meningitis, Typhoid Fever, Rickettsia, bact. Conjunctivitis

31
Q

Aminoglycoside

A

MOA: Block A site on ribosome, Impairs proofreading mechanism of ribosome so make nonsense proteins, Lead to ion leakage and disruption of cytoplasmic membrane Uses: Broad spectrum against G+ and G- but usually for G-

32
Q

Dalfopristin

A

MOA: Inhibits peptidyl transferase to inhibit peptide bond formation Uses: Vanco resistant Enterococcus faecium, MRSA

33
Q

Quinupristin

A

MOA: Binds to ribosomal Tunnel and blocks it Uses: Vanco resistant Enterococcus faecium, MRSA

34
Q

Oxazolidinones

A

MOA:Prevents the formation of the ribosome by binding to the 50 S subnit Uses: Vanco resistant Enterococcus faecium, MRSA

35
Q

Sulfonamides

A

MOA: Inhibit Dihydropteroate Synthase to inhibit folate synthesis Uses: Both G- and G+ bacteria

36
Q

Quniolone

A

MOA: Inhibit DNA Gyrase and Religation by topoisomerase II Uses: UTIs, Prostatis, STDs, ETEC, S. pneumo

37
Q

Tolnaftate

A

MOA: Inhibits Fungal Squalene Epoxidase and decreased ergosterol biosynthesis Uses:Dermatomycoses

38
Q

Clotrimazole (Lotrimin)

A

MOA: Inhibits cytochrome p450 and thus inhibits lanosterol converstion to ergosterol Uses: Dermatomycoses

39
Q

Griseofulvin

A

MOA: Disrupts mitotic spindle by binding polymerized MTs and inhibits mitosis Uses: Dermatomycoses; Onychomycosis

40
Q

Amphotericin

A

MOA: Binds to ergosterol in fungal membranes and forms pores in membranes Uses: IV Tx for systemic infections

41
Q

5-Fluorocytosine

A

MOA: Metabolized to 5-Fluorourcil and is incorporated into RNA Uses: Systemic Candida, Crypto neoformans meningitis

42
Q

Echinocandins

A

MOA: Inhibits 1,3-_-glucan synthase for fungal walls Uses: Broad Spectrum Anti-fungal

Pharmacology (3 decks)

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