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ARC 141 > Exam 1: Dwelling In The world > Flashcards

Exam 1: Dwelling In The world Flashcards

1
Q

Where are the Iroquois located?

A

Upstate New York

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2
Q

What kindve houses did the Iroquois build?

A

Rectangular forms with barrel roofs

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3
Q

Iroquois we’re focusing on

A 
Mohawk 
Oneida 
Onondaga 
Cayuga
Seneca
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4
Q

Haudenosaunee

A

People of the longhouse

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5
Q

What are the long houses for

A

A model for their larger political and social structure

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6
Q

Five tribes in the League of Nations

A 
Seneca 
Cayuga
Onondaga
Oneida
Mohawk
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7
Q

Keeps of the east door in the longhouse

A

Mohawk

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8
Q

Keepers of the west door

A

Seneca

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9
Q

Hiawatha wampum belt

A

Peacemaker to enable the tribes to get along

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10
Q

How were the long houses arranged?

A

In villages

Often aligned east west

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11
Q

Passage of longhouse through

A

Females

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12
Q

Symbol of the five Iroquois tribes

A

Long house

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13
Q

Materials of the longhouse

A

Barrels
Bark- prefered covering
Wood
Timber

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14
Q

Ridge pole

A

Creates pitched roof in longhouse

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15
Q

Later versions of the longhouse features a

A

Ridge pole

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16
Q

Components of the longhouse

A

Central isle
Big bays with fire and smoke hole
Multiple levels for storing and sleeping

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17
Q

How did the league of five nations manage?

A

The peacemaker created a form of government

Elected of each nation a council delegate (sasheems)

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18
Q

Who chose sasheems

A

The women of the tribe

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19
Q

Where did the Spanish settle?

A

Florida
New Mexico
Arizona
Up the California coast

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20
Q

What kinds of places did the Spanish lay?

A

Missions- priests
Presidio- fort
Towns

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21
Q

The laws of the indies

A

Established the guidelines for setting up a town

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22
Q

Examples of the laws of indies

A

Structure of plaza
Location of town
Right angle streets

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23
Q

Santa Fe

A

Capital of New Mexico
Founded in 1606
Oldest capital in the US

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24
Q

Conditions of traditional Spanish buildings

A

Internal courtyard
Rectangular dwelling
End bay
Vigas

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25
Q

Palace of the governors

A

Adobe bricks with a flat roof form

A combo of Spanish forms and native materials

Reestablished with Spanish colonialization architecture in mind

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26
Q

Portals

A

The pillars the Spanish established

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27
Q

De Vargas street house

A

One of the oldest houses in America

Controlled by Spanish and American

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28
Q

Taos, NM

A

Centralized around a plaza

But also contains the hacienda de los Martinez

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29
Q

Hacienda structure

A 
Front part in tact 
Back has fallen apart
Flat roof structure 
Drains to remove water 
Dual courtyards (placita)
Portals to provide cover facing the courtyard
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30
Q

Placita

A

Dual interior courtyards in the hacienda style home

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31
Q

Zaquan

A

Entrance of the Spanish hacienda home with a beam

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32
Q

Rooms in the hacienda

A

Blacksmith
Chapel
Beehive style rooms

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33
Q

Martinez hacienda

A

Restored hacienda style home in Taos

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34
Q

Ranchos de Taos

A

San Francisco de Asis mission church

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35
Q

What direction do NM churches face?

A

Doors in the west

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36
Q

St. Francis Asis church was established when?

A

1934

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37
Q

Structure of St. Francis Asis church

A

Buttresses
Bells
Sacristy
Church yard

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38
Q

What are vigas ?

A

Roof supports aligned in rows

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39
Q

Transept

A

Two parts forming the arms of the cross shaped in a church

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40
Q

Nave

A

Main congregational area of a church

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41
Q

Paul strand, angel Adams, Georgia O’keeffe

A

Artists inspired by the western adobe church structure

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42
Q

Where did the French focus colonization

A

Plains
Down from Canada
(Because of the waterways)

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43
Q

Characterization of French architecture

A

Steep roof
And rectangular
Vertical wooden elements

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44
Q

Types of steeply pitched roofs

A

Hip

Gable

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45
Q

Gable roof

A 
Pitched roof 
(Not on the short side)
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46
Q

Bolduc house

A

House along the Mississippi house
Dated back to 1770
After a flood in 1783 it was moved

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47
Q

St genevieve, Missouri

A

Bolduc house

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48
Q

Structure of the bolduc house

A

Kitchen in separate building

Galleries set by vertical posts

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49
Q

Vertical elements into the. Ground

A

French influence

Didn’t last long bc of the direct contact with the moisture in the g round

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50
Q

Oldest part of New Orleans

A

French quarter

Along the bend of the Mississippi

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51
Q

Creole house form

A

Set by French experience in the Caribbean
Common in rural areas
Cabinet

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52
Q

Madame John’s legacy

A

Manual delanzos house in New Orleans
Raises into a full basement
Circa 1788

53
Q

Madame John’s legacy structure

A

No hallways
Cabinet
Galleries in the front
Smaller galleries in the front

54
Q

Urban creole cottage

A

Denser and more dominant form of house style
Cabinet
Fireplace in the middle
Alleys in between the houses

55
Q

New Orleans townhouses

A

Party wall buildings

Dense part of the French quarter

56
Q

Town house in New Orleans origins

A

French plans

Spanish metal work for galleries and balconies

57
Q

Townhouses in the French quarter

A 
Can be four stories
Galleries supported from the ground 
Balcony 
Party wall
Built to the street 
On narrow lots 
With an opening wider than the others to a courtyard in the back
58
Q

Service building

A

Common way to house servants in separate structures

59
Q

Types of new Orleans townhouses

A

Porte cochere

Creole

60
Q

Porte cochere

A

Able to drive through the lower air opening

61
Q

Purpose for the lower portions of the New Orleans townhouses

A

Commercial

Or storage

62
Q

Variations of French courtyards

A

Service functions
Use the light
Water storage
Patios

63
Q

Where were the English colonizations

A

Along the east

64
Q

How did the English colonize was

A

The use of two companies

New York and Plymouth

65
Q

Fairbanks house

A

In Dedham, mass
Oldest standing frame house (with timber)
Built around 1636
Gambrel roof

66
Q

Barn roof

A

Gambrel

67
Q

Characterizations of early new England house 17th century

A 
Central chimney 
Hall and parlor 
Chamber entrance to keep outcold 
Jetty overhang 
Low ceiling rooms 
Simple interior 
Tight staircase 
Small vestibule
68
Q

Topsfield

A

Parson Capen house

C. 1683

69
Q

Parson capen house

A

For it’s time… a very impressive house

Parlor was bigger than the hall because of his parson occupation

70
Q

Georgian architecture

A

Influenced by the renaissance

71
Q

Cambridge

A

Vassal Craigie Longfellow house
1759
Exemplified sophistication

72
Q

Change to architecture in England in the 18th century

A

A shift in focus on the way that guests and the community perceived the house

73
Q

Piatzas

A

Porches

74
Q

Georgian

A

The large central hallway

75
Q

1650 Virginia

A

Changes due to the Plymouth company

76
Q

Virginia Beach, Virginia

A

1719

Adam thoroughgood house

77
Q

Adam thoroughgood house

A

Brick Chimney on the side

78
Q

Purpose of brick in the south

A

Greater threat to moisture and termites

79
Q

Westover plantation

A

Plantation in Charles city county, Virginia
1730s
On the James river

80
Q

Charles city county, Virginia

A

West over plantation

81
Q

Reasons for architecture for English

A

Focus on receiving guests

82
Q

New Netherlands

A

territory of New Jersey and upstate New York

83
Q

Dutch territory in New York

A

The tip of Manhattan

84
Q

Importance of Dutch claiming the territory in New York

A

Practiced religious tolerance and took in those who were restricted

Ownership of land could be done by anyone

85
Q

Ordinances

A

Done in new Amsterdam

That elaborated city planning

86
Q

1664 New York

A

Taken over by the English but recognized the unique aesthetic of the tolerance and didn’t impose the same restrictions done on other colonies

87
Q

19th century New York

A

Started considering expanding urban development outside of the wall into the hills
Commissioners plan

88
Q

1814 New York

A

Enacted the commissioners plan

89
Q

What happened to older houses in new work

A

After hills were carved out for streets

They remained on a raised terrain

90
Q

Philadelphia Pennsylvania

A

Established by William Pennsylvania

91
Q

Thomas holmes

A

Planned the development of Virginia
Focusing on a greenery city
Gave four squares dedicated to fresh air and recreation

92
Q

Motivation for greenery in Pennsylvania

A

Prevention of the spread of disease and fire

93
Q

Development of Pennsylvania

A

Grew along the Delaware river before stretched west in the 1800s

94
Q

1906-1917

A

Series of plans to reach the square to parks, museum, etc

95
Q

Who proposed the connection of the city hall with a parkway

A

Paul Philippe cret

Jacques Greber

96
Q

Batamalibans were most known for there

A

Anthropomorphic architecture

97
Q

Batamaliba we’re located in

A

Koutammakou, Togo

98
Q

Tower houses

A

Takieta

99
Q

Spiritual architect of the batamaliba

A

Otammali

100
Q

What did the batamaliba call themselves

A

Real architects of the earth

101
Q

Lisenpo

A

Shrines

102
Q

Kuiye

A

Sun God

103
Q

Takeita

A

Extended family

Tower houses

104
Q

Batamaliba house anatomy

A

Mud building component-flesh
Water-blood
Pebbles for strength- bones
Plaster surface- skin

105
Q

Daosim

A

The path of way to heaven

106
Q

According to dung shui

What direction should the most important aspects of the building face

A

South

Towards a body of waterb

107
Q

Confucianism

A

Focuses on order and hierarchy

108
Q

Who founded daoism

A

Lao-tzu

109
Q

Northern Chinese courtyard qualities

A

Single rooms

With a large courtyard

110
Q

Sourthern chuna courtyard houses qualities

A

Multiple rows

With less courtyard space

111
Q

Characteristics of a courtyard house

A

Emphasis on interior design
Skipping roof
Stress hierarchy
Spirit walk

112
Q

Tolou courtyard houses

A

Multiple stories and circular

Made out of more earthen materials

113
Q

Yaudongs

A

Cave dwellings

114
Q

Subterranian houses

A

Beneficial for colder climates
Reinforced with brick
Used on loess plains

115
Q

Which direction should cave dwellings face?

A

South for maximum light and warmth

116
Q

Miletus

A

Agora
Temples
Theaters
Bouleuterich

117
Q

Hippodamus

A

Father of grid planning in greeCe

118
Q

Priene

A

Laid out city

Greek columns

119
Q

Roman architecture focuses on

A

The interior spaces and expansion

120
Q

Timgad

A

A Roman city that began as a military colony of veterans

121
Q

Pit houses

A

Dig to regulate temperature

122
Q

What do the pit houses reflect

A

The myth of emergence

123
Q

Kiva

A

Sacred space

124
Q

Roomblock

A

Houses after the pit houses that were previously used for storage

125
Q

Chaco canyon

A

Place of significance and community

126
Q

Casa rinconada

A

Largest kiva

127
Q

Western Pueblo’s

A

Hopi and Zuni

128
Q

Eastern Pueblo’s

A

Built with adobe

Then brick

129
Q

Acona Pueblo

A

Oldest occupied Pueblo

ARC 141 (1 decks)

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