Exam 1 Vocab

Question 1

I see others in a systematically distorted way- as objects, and I see myself as the one person among many objects.

Answer 1

Self-deceived

Question 2

Any act contrary to what I feel I should do for another person.

Answer 2

Self-betrayal

Question 3

A distorted view of another person or myself that justifies my acts of self-betrayal.

Answer 3

Self-justifying image.

Question 4

By each of us being self-deceived, we invite mutual mistreatment and obtain mutual justification for our acts of self-betrayal

Answer 4

Collusion

Question 5

The branch of philosophy that deals with how we ought to live.

Answer 5

Ethics

Question 6

An act that morality requires you to do; not permissible to refrain from doing.

Answer 6

Obligatory act

Question 7

An enterprise that begins with wonder at the marvels and mysteries of the world; that pursues a rational investigation of those, seeking wisdom and truth; that results in a life lived in passionate moral and intellectual integrity.

Answer 7

Philosophy

Question 8

The practical, or action-guiding, nature of morality; intended to advise people and influence action.

Answer 8

Prescriptivity

Question 9

An act that is permissible for you to do

Answer 9

A right act

Question 10

A highly altruistic act, neither required not obligatory, but exceeding what morality requires.

Answer 10

Supererogatory act

Question 11

Applying to all people who are in a relatively similar situation.

Answer 11

Universalizability.

Question 12

Goods because of their nature; good in themselves, not derived from other goods

Answer 12

Intrinsic goods

Question 13

Goods that are effective means of attaining other goods

Answer 13

Instrumental goods

Question 14

A life directed towards worthwhile goals

Answer 14

Happiness (Aristotle)

Question 15

Happiness discovered by “sober reasoning”, searching out the motives for all choice and avoidance, and banishing mere opinion.

Answer 15

Pleasure (Epicurus)

Question 16

A view of happiness where there is a plurality of life plans open to each person, that the plan be an integrated whole, freely-chosen, that brings a successful realization of his or her goals

Answer 16

“Plan of life” happiness

Question 17

The view that equates all pleasure with sensual enjoyment.

Answer 17

Sensualism

Question 18

The view that equates all pleasure with satisfaction or enjoyment, without the need for sense experience.

Answer 18

Satisfactionism

Question 19

An approach to questions of moral reasoning and ethical priorities which are derived from those spheres of life and activity which have often been regarded as female

Answer 19

Female ethic.

Question 20

Standards and criteria of morality are different for women and men

Answer 20

Gendered ethics

Question 21

View the femaleness/maleness is defined by nature and cannot be accounted for in terms of social conventions and traditions

Answer 21

Essentialism

Question 22

Ethical model based on practices of caring for one another, with motherhood at center, development of ‘the other’ as the goal, and denial of the competitive and individualistic norms of social life.

Answer 22

‘Mutual realization of people’

aka, the ‘ethics of care’

Question 23

Areas of concern attributed to women, often idealized, such as home, family, children, and the physical/emotional care of others.

Answer 23

Sphere of female activity (trad.)

Question 24

The view that the task of mothering generates a conception of virtue which may provide a resource for a critique of values and priorities which underpin much contemporary social life, including militarism.

Answer 24

‘Maternal thinking’

Question 25

The general lowering of value and status experienced by women due to cultural and historical domination by men in society.

Answer 25

Devaluation/ inferiorization.

Question 26

I see others more or less as they actually are- as people, and I see myself as one person among many

Answer 26

Self-aware