Exam 2

Question 0

Ageism

Answer 0

Ideology that asserts superiority on the basis of age.

Question 1

Power

Answer 1

Refer to the ability to influence and control others.

Question 2

Unearned privileges

Answer 2

Are those benefits in the life that we have through no effort of our own.

Question 3

Social inequality

Answer 3

Refers to unequal distribution of resources, such as wealth, power, and prestige.

Question 4

Sexism

Answer 4

Refers to the thinking that one sex is superior to another and that unequal treatment.

Question 5

Classism

Answer 5

Focus on social class

Question 6

Meritocracy

Answer 6

A system in which people get ahead solely on the basis of merit.

Question 7

Majority

Answer 7

Refers to the group with power and privilege.

Question 8

Minority

Answer 8

The group at a disadvantage in terms of power and privilege.

Question 9

Cultural encapsulation

Answer 9

A lack of contact with cultures outside of our own.

Question 10

Socialization

Answer 10

The lifelong process of social interaction that enables us to learn about ourselves and others.

Question 11

Nature

Answer 11

Refers to our biological makeup.

Question 12

Nurture

Answer 12

Refers to those aspects of the environment that mold, and shape us, such as school, families, and peer groups.

Question 13

Enculturation

Answer 13

Immersion Ina culture to the point where that way of life appears only natural.

Question 14

Social Distance

Answer 14

A concept that was coined by a scientific named Emory Bogardus.

Question 15

Double consciousness

Answer 15

Refers to a person’s awareness of his or her own perspective and the perspective of others.

Question 16

Social barriers

Answer 16

Focus more on society

Question 17

Perceptions

Answer 17

Refers to the way in which we receive and interpret information from any of our senses.

Question 18

Selective perception

Answer 18

We focus on those things that support our thinking and ignore information that refutes it.

Question 19

Ethnocentrism

Answer 19

Refers to the assumption that our way of thinking and acting is naturally superior to any other.

Question 20

Stereotype

Answer 20

An unverified and oversimplified generalization about an entire group.

Question 21

Stereotype vulnerability

Answer 21

The danger of not performing up to our ability because of our anxieties and fear about perpetuating a stereotype.

Question 22

Prejudice

Answer 22

An irrational and inflexible opinion formed on the basis of limited and insufficient knowledge.

Question 23

Xenophobia

Answer 23

Peoples unreasonable fear of foreigners.

Question 24

Isms

Answer 24

Refers to the thinking by those in power that certain types of people are inherently inferior

Question 25

Institutional racism

Answer 25

Racism that is built into the system of power and social institutions.

Question 26

Discrimination

Answer 26

As the unequal treatment of people on the basis of their group membership.

Question 27

Pyramiding effect

Answer 27

The cumulative impact of encounters with barriers is much more than the sum of individual instance

Question 28

Scapegoat

Answer 28

We unfairly blame others for our own problems.