Exam 2

Question 1

inventio crucis

Answer 1

The discovery of the True Cross by Constantine’s mother, Helena.

Question 2

exaltatio crucis

Answer 2

“Feast of the Cross;” a celebration commemorating the cross on which Jesus was crucified.

Question 3

Emperor Heraclius

Answer 3

Byzantine Emperor, ruled from 610 to 641. Returned the Holy Cross to Jerusalem, which had reputedly been captured by the Persians they were at war with.

Question 4

holy rood / Lignum Crucis

Answer 4

words for relics of the True Cross

Question 5

furta sancti

Answer 5

“holy theft”

Question 6

translatio

Answer 6

“transfer”

Question 7

Elizabeth von Schönau

Answer 7

German Benedictine visionary (1125-1165); published three books of “visions,” one of which tells the story of Ursula.

Question 8

Ursula

Answer 8

had 11,000 handmaidens. 8 th Century- The first office of the cult numbers virgins at 11,000 • 10th Century- Ursula becomes standard leader of the group • 1106- Discovery of bone cache outside of Cologne • 1156-1164- Revelations of Elizabeth von Schönau • 1268 Defense of Cologne • 13th Century- Church is rebuilt • 1659- Translation of bones to Basilica

Question 9

Pope Nicholaus III

Answer 9

Pope from 1225-1280.

Question 10

Sancta Sanctorum Chapel

Answer 10

side chapel of the Lateran Palace, Rome. Multiple relics are preserved there, including acheiropoieta (icons said to have come into existence spontaneously), fragment of the True Cross, bread from the Last Supper, and stones from the Martyrdom of St. Stephen.

Question 11

Eucharist

Answer 11

According to some New Testament books, it was instituted by Jesus Christ during his Last Supper. Giving his disciples bread and wine during the Passover meal, Jesus commanded his followers to “do this in memory of me,” while referring to the bread as “my body” and the wine as “my blood.”

Question 12

Host

Answer 12

communion bread

Question 13

Hoc est corpus meum

Answer 13

With these words spoken by the priest, the Catholic is taught the wafer of bread turns into the true body of Jesus.

Question 14

Transubstantiation

Answer 14

the change whereby, according to the teaching of the Catholic Church, the bread and the wine used in the sacrament of the Eucharist become, not merely as by a sign or a figure, but also in actual reality the body and blood of Christ.

Question 15

Physiognomy

Answer 15

a person’s facial features or expression, especially when regarded as indicative of character or ethnic origin. Curly hair = fearfulness and arrogance Stiff hair = ineptitude and stupidity Black hair = fearfulness and productivity Coarse hair = barbarian Very Coarse hair = savage Soft hair = effeminate

Question 16

Blemyae

Answer 16

a type of grotesque creature, sometimes adopted by churches from earlier local folklore. They are generally described as men, having no heads, with their eyes and mouths located on their chests.

Question 17

Answer 17

Agnolo Gaddi, Frescos of the True Cross from Sta. Croce in Florence, 1385-1387

Question 18

Answer 18

Lothair Cross, c. 1000

Question 19

Answer 19

Stavelot Triptych, c. 1150

Question 20

Answer 20

Crusader reliquary of the True Cross, 1214

Question 21

Answer 21

Hans Memling, Shrine of St. Ursula, 1489

Question 22

Answer 22

Clarenaltar , 1347

Question 23

Answer 23

Sancta Sanctorum, 1280

Question 24

Answer 24

Salus Populi Romani, 13th Century

Question 25

Answer 25

Rogier van der Weyden, Altarpiece of the Seven Sacraments, c. 1440

Question 26

Answer 26

Tympanum from Basilique Ste-Madeleine, Vézelay, 1140

Question 27

Answer 27

Monstrance, c. 1450

Question 28

Answer 28

Cupboard for the Holy Blood of Wilsnack, 14th Century