Exam 2

Question 1

what are the 3 types of training methods?

Answer 1

On-the-job training, classroom training, self-paced training

Question 2

what are the 2 types of on-the-job training techniques?

Answer 2

job instruction and job rotation

Question 3

what are the 5 types of classroom training techniques?

Answer 3

lecture, discussion, audiovisual, experiential, computer-based

Question 4

what are the 2 types of self-paced training techniques?

Answer 4

paper-based and computer-based

Question 5

what are the 4 steps in the training evaluation process?

Answer 5

select evaluation criteria
determine evaluation design
conduct evaluation of program
interpret results

Question 6

4 levels of the Kirkpatrick Model

Answer 6

1) Reaction- Trainees perspective
2) Learning- Did they learn the intended objectives?
3) Behavior- Did they use the learned training on their job?
4) Results- Has the training improved organizational effectiveness?

Question 7

What are the 5 methods of evaluating training?

Answer 7

1) Interview
2) Questionnaire
3) Direct Observation
4) Written tests and simulations
5) Archival Performance Data

Question 8

2 problems with self-reliance data

Answer 8

1) socially desirable responses- what does my boss want me to say?
2) response shift- doesn’t want to admit they learned something because they said they wouldn’t

Question 9

5 types of training costs

Answer 9

Direct, Indirect, Overhead, Compensation, Development

Question 10

Cost-benefit analysis

Answer 10

comparing training costs to non monetary benefits from training (ex. better attitudes, increased safety)

Question 11

Cost-effectiveness analysis

Answer 11

compares monetary costs to monetary benefits of training (ex. increased profits, waste reduction)

Question 12

Return on Investment (ROI)

Answer 12

Return/Investment or Benefits/Training costs

Question 13

Schien’s 3 dimensions of roles

Answer 13

1) Inclusionary (social dimension)- probationary status, permanent status
2) Functional (task dimension)- sales, engineering
3) Hierarchical (rank dimension)- line employee, supervisor, manager)

Question 14

3 perceptions of roles

Answer 14

1) role overload- job design/analysis wasn’t thorough enough so employee feels overwhelmed
2) role conflict- employee receives mixed messages about expectations
3) role ambiguity- role is unclear

Question 15

3 stages of socialization

Answer 15

1) anticipatory socialization- person is about to enter the organization
2) encounter- makes a formal commitment to accept the position and join organization
3) change and acquisition - new employees accept the norms, master the tasks, & resolve any role conflicts

Question 16

skills gap

Answer 16

difference between skill requirements of available jobs and skills of applicants

Question 17

skills gap causes (3)

Answer 17

1) skill level of high school and college grads
2) increase in non-english speaking immigrants
3) increased sophistication of jobs

Question 18

workplace competencies

Answer 18

1) basic skills/literacy education
2) technical training
3) interpersonal

Question 19

Workforce Investment Act (WIA)

Answer 19

consolidation of over 70 federal education and training programs into block grants

Question 20

WIA funding streams

Answer 20

youth, adults, displaced workers

Question 21

Worker Adjustment & Retraining Notification (WARN)

Answer 21

gives employees notification of services available to them after a major layoff or shutdown to transition and find another job

Question 22

OSHA

Answer 22

Occupational Safety and Health Administration

Question 23

OSHA functions

Answer 23

1) establish safety standards
2) conduct safety inspections
3) cite violations (can mandate training and levy fines, shutdown operations)

Question 24

OSHA regulations

Answer 24

1) establish written hazard-communications policy
2) establish procedures for obtaining material safety date sheets (MSDS) from manufacturers
3) create notebooks containing MSDS and make them accessible to employees
4) label hazardous materials and state the effects of such materials
5) provide orientation for new employees and ongoing training for other employees
6) prepare a safety manual

Question 25

Total Quality Management (TQM)

Answer 25

A set of principles and practices aimed at continually improving organizational effectiveness and efficiency

Question 26

3 types of quality training

Answer 26

product, service, and customer

Question 27

Casual Attribution Theory

Answer 27

describes the process by which people assign causes to their own and others’ behavior

Question 28

Casual attribution theory causes

Answer 28

within employee- effort and ability

in the situation- task difficulty and luck

Question 29

Fundamental attribution error

Answer 29

tendency to over attribute a behavior to cause within a person rather than to a situation

Question 30

Coaching analysis

Answer 30

process of analyzing the factors that contribute to unsatisfactory performance and deciding on the appropriate response to improve performance;
based on the assumption that poor performance can have multiple causes

Question 31

2 approaches to coaching discussions

Answer 31

1) Kinlaw Process

2) Fournies Process

Question 32

3 steps in Kinlaw Process

Answer 32

1) confronting or presenting
2) using reactions to develop information
3) resolving or resolution

Question 33

5 steps in the Fournies Process

Answer 33

1) get the employee’s agreement that a problem exists
2) mutually discuss alternative solutions to the problem
3) mutually agree on actions to be taken to solve the problem
4) follow up to measure results
5) recognize achievements when they occur

Question 34

6 skills for effective face-to-face communication

Answer 34

1) basic attending skills to help involve the employee in discussion
2) feedback
3) paraphrasing
4) reflection of feeling reinforces the employee for expressing feelings and encourages open communication
5) open and closed questions to support your purpose
6) focusing helps identify potential areas of organizational difficulty and ways to deal with each

Question 35

Role of manager/supervisor when coaching

Answer 35

1) bears primary responsibility for coaching
2) coaching most often occurs within the context of an ongoing relationship between employee and supervisor
3) one of the primary roles of managers and supervisors in team-based organizations

Question 36

Role of T&D professional

Answer 36

1) providing training in the coaching process

2) ensuring that the coaches have the interpersonal skills needed to be effective

Question 37

Types of deviant workplace behavior (4)

Answer 37

1) production deviance- leaving early, intentionally working slowly
2) property deviance- sabotaging equipment
3) political deviance- showing favoritism, blaming or gossiping about others
4) personal aggression- sexual harassment

Question 38

3 types of motivational approaches

Answer 38

1) goal setting
2) job redesign
3) employee participation (participative management)