Exam #2

Question 1

Producing a response, as you do on essay tests or short-answer tests

Answer 1

free recall

Question 2

Producing a response after receiving significant hints about the material

Answer 2

cued recall

Question 3

Choosing the correct item among several options

Answer 3

recognition

Question 4

Detects weak memories by comparing the speed of original learning to the speed of relearning

Answer 4

savings method (relearning method)

Question 5

Someone who states an answer regards it as a product of memory (free recall, cued recall, recognition, and savings)

Answer 5

explicit memories

Question 6

An experience influences what you say or do even though you might not be aware of the influence

Answer 6

implicit memory (indirect memory)

Question 7

Increasing the chance of using a word after hearing it or reading it.

Answer 7

Priming

Question 8

Memories of how to do something, such as walking or eating with chopsticks.

Answer 8

procedural memory

Question 9

memories we can readily state in words

Answer 9

declarative memories

Question 10

Information that enters the system is processed, coded, and stored. (Compares human memory to a computer)

Answer 10

Information-processing model

Question 11

temporary storage of recent events

Answer 11

short-term memory

Question 12

A relatively permanent store

Answer 12

long-term memory

Question 13

Memory of principles and facts

Answer 13

semantic memory

Question 14

memory for specific events in your life

Answer 14

episodic memory

Question 15

Forgetting when, where or how you learned something

Answer 15

source amnesia

Question 16

grouping items into meaningful sequences or clusters

Answer 16

chunking

Question 17

converting a short-term memory into a long-term memory

Answer 17

consolidation

Question 18

system for working with current information

Answer 18

working memory

Question 19

governs the shifts of attention

Answer 19

executive functioning

Question 20

how easily you retrieve a memory depends on the number and types of associations you form

Answer 20

depth-of-processing principle

Question 21

the associations you form at the time of learning will be the most effective retrieval cues later

Answer 21

encoding specificity principle

Question 22

Any memory aid based on encoding items in a special way

Answer 22

mnemonic device

Question 23

Memorizing a series of places, and then you use a vivid image to associate each location with something you want to remember.

Answer 23

method of loci

Question 24

Gain of memory over time

Answer 24

hypermnesia

Question 25

During an experience, you construct a memory. When you try to retrieve that memory, you reconstruct an account based partly on distinct memories and partly on your expectations of what must have happened

Answer 25

reconstruction

Question 26

The tendency to mold our recollection of the past to fit how events later turned out

Answer 26

hindsight bias

Question 27

Old materials increase forgetting of new materials

Answer 27

proactive interference

Question 28

New materials increase forgetting of old materials

Answer 28

retroactive interference

Question 29

Reports of long lost memories, prompted by clinical techniques

Answer 29

recovered memories

Question 30

The process of moving an unacceptable memory or impulse from the conscious mind to the unconscious mind

Answer 30

repression

Question 31

Memory that one has stored but cannot retrieve

Answer 31

dissociation

Question 32

An inaccurate report that someone believes to be a memory

Answer 32

false memory

Question 33

loss of memory

Answer 33

amnesia

Question 34

large forebrain structure in the interior of the temporal lobe

Answer 34

hippocampus

Question 35

inability to store new long-term memories

Answer 35

anterograde amnesia

Question 36

loss of memory for events that occurred shortly before the brain damage

Answer 36

retrograde amnesia

Question 37

A condition caused by a prolonged deficiency of vitamin B, usually as a result of chronic alcoholism

Answer 37

Korsakoff’s syndrome

Question 38

Attempts to fill in the gaps in their memory

Answer 38

confabulations

Question 39

A conditions occurring mostly in old age, characterized by increasingly severe memory loss, confusion, depression, disordered thinking, and impaired attention

Answer 39

alzheimer’s disease

Question 40

The scarcity of early episodic memories

Answer 40

early childhood amnesia or infantile amnesia