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Pharmacology > Exam 2 Clicker Questions > Flashcards

Exam 2 Clicker Questions Flashcards

1
Q

If a cat has been started on oral Tapazole and within a few weeks returns with severe facial excoriation. Which of the following courses of action is most appropriate?

A. Continue the drug
B. Reduce the doage
C. Switch to transdermal methimazole
D. switch to Felimazole
E.  Discontinue methimazole completely
A

E. Discontinue methimazole completely

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2
Q

Which of the following formulations of parenteral calcium is the MOST CAUSTIC?

A. Calcium (boro) gluconate
B. Calcium cholride

A

B. Calcium cholride

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3
Q

Which of the following formulation of insulin has the SHORTEST duration of action?

A. NPH insulin
B. Regular insulin
C. Glargine
D. Vetsulin

A

B. Regular insulin

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4
Q

If you had a patient on IV LRS with 600 mL left in their bad and you wished to make it a 2.5 % dextrose solution, how much 50% Dextrose (stock solution) would you add to the bag?

A. 15 mL
B. 25mL
C. 30 mL
D. 50 mL

A

C. 30 mL

  1. 5/ 5 TIME WHATEVER VOLUME
  2. 5%/50% * 600mL = 30 mL
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5
Q

Do you remove 30mL from the bag before adding the “stock solution”?

A

Remove the 30 and then add the 30. If you don’t remove it you get 630 mL. It won’t make much of a difference though for dextrose

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6
Q

You need to make up 5% dextrose solution using a 1000 mL mini fluid bag. How much 50% Dextrose stock do you need to add?

A. 25mL
B. 50 mL
C. 75 mL
D. 100 mL

A

D. 100 mL

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7
Q

A race horse comes into your clinic suffering from pulmonary hemorrhage. Which of the following drugs would you choose to treat this?

A. Mannitol
B. Furosemide
C. Chlorothiazide
D. Spironolactone
E. Acetazolamide
A

B. Furosemide

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8
Q

Which of the following drugs would be most effective in treating cerebral edema?

A. Mannitol
B. Chlorothiazide
C. Spironolactone
D. Amiloride
E. Brinzolamide
A

A. Mannitol

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9
Q

Which of the following drugs is used to treat open angle glaucoma by inhibiting formation of aqueous humor?

A. Mannitol
B. Furosemide
C. Chlorothiazide
D. Spironolactone
E. Acetazolamide
A

E. Acetazolamide

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10
Q

Which of the following class of diuretics are considered the drug of choice for treating nephrogenic diabetes insipitus?

A. Osmotic
B. Loop
C. Thiazide
D. Potassium sparing
E. Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
A

C. Thiazide

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11
Q

Which of the following could be used to treat hypercalcemia?

A. Mannitrol
B. Furosemide
C. Hydrochlorothiazide
D. Amiloride
E. Brinzolamide
A

B. Furosemide

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12
Q

Which of the following drugs could be used to treat a subventricular tachyarrythmia?

A. Digoxin
B. Captopril
C. Lidocaine
D. Diltiazem
E. Epinephrine
A

C. Lidocaine

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13
Q

Which of the following would be the drug of choice for treating subventricular tachyarrythmias in cats?

A. Digoxin
B. Propanolol
C. Captopril
D. Amlodipine
E. Diltiazem
A

B. Propanolol

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14
Q

Which of the following is the drug of choice for treating atrial fibrillation in horses?

A. Digoxin
B. Quinidine
C. Phenytoin
D. Lidocaine
E. Atropine
A

B. Quinidine

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15
Q

Which of the following drugs would be the first choice of antihypertensive drug in a hyperthryoid cat?

A. Furosemide
B. Captopril
C. Amlodipine
D. Propanolol
E. Diltiazem
A

D. Propanolol

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16
Q

Which of the following formulation so insulin has the SHORTEST duration of action?

A. NPH insulin
B. Regular insulin
C. Glargine
D. Vetsulin

A

B. Regular insulin

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17
Q

Which of the following formulations of insulin has significantly GREATER potency in canines?

A. Detemir
B. Glargine
C. NPH insulin
D. Vetsulin

A

A. Detemir

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18
Q

Which of the following corticosteroids i primarily a MINERALCORTICOID?

A. Dexamethasone
B. Prednisone
C. Prednisolone
D. Fludrocortisone

A

D. Fludrocortisone

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19
Q

Which of the following corticosteroids is MORE POTENT?

A. Prednisone
B. Dexamethasone

A

B. Dexamethasone

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20
Q

Which of the following corticosteroids is the MOST POTENT??

A. Prednisone
B. Cortisol
C. Dexamethasone
D. Triamcinolone

A

C. Dexamethasone

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21
Q

Which of the following drugs would cross the BBB?

A. Meclizine
B. Terfenadine
C. Loratedine
D. Cimetidine
E. Nizatadine
A

A. Meclizine

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22
Q

Which of the following could be used to treat equine melanoma?

A. Meclizine
B. Terfenadine
C. Loratedine
D. Cimetidine
E. Nizatadine
A

D. Cimetidine

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23
Q

Which of the following drugs is both serotonin and a dopamine antagonist?

A. Cyrpoheptadine
B. Ondansetron
C. Metochlopramide
D. Mirtazapine
E. Maropitant
A

C. Metochlopramide

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24
Q

Which of the following is used to treat “serotonin syndrome” in dogs and cats?

A. Cyproheptadine
B. Metaclopramide
C. Ondansetron
D. Maropitant
E. Mirtazapine
A

A. Cyproheptadine

25
Q

Which of the following is a cytoprotectant that is used as an anti-ulcer drug?

A. Cloprostenol
B. Misoprostol
C. Brimatoprost
D. Fluprostenol
E. Maropitant
A

B. Misoprostol

26
Q

Which of these drug options would be the best to consider for a 14 year old indoor/outdoor cat with hyperthyroidism?

A. Radiation therapy
B. Methimazole
C. Hill's y/d diet
D. Iodides
E. Iodinated contrast agents
A

B. Methimazole

27
Q

Which of the following is not true?

A. Ergocalciferol can be used for long term management of hypocalcemia
B. Calcium gluconate can be given IV or orally
C. Parenteral calcium is often used for long term treatment of hypocalcemia
D. Unbound ionized calcium is the active form of calcium
E. Eclampsia and milk fever are forms of hypocalcemia associated with pregnancy

A

C. Parenteral calcium is often used for long term treatment of
hypocalcemia

28
Q

A DKA dog comes into your clinic. It is also diabetic but hasn’t been eating for the past day. Which of the following insulins is your best choice to treat this animal?

A. Prozinc
B. Regular insulin
C. NPH
D. Vetsulin pen
E. Detemir
A

B. Regular insulin

29
Q

What is the highest dilution of dextrose that can
be given for extended IV use without high risk
of phlebitis?

A. 5%
B. 10%
C. 15%
D. 25%
E. 50%
A

A. 5%

30
Q

Which of the following would be you first choice
insulin for a diabetic cat?

A. Prozinc
B. Regular insulin
C. Humulin-N
D. Vetsulin pen
E. Detemir
A

A. Prozinc

31
Q

Which of the following drugs can be used to treat
urinary incontinence in spayed bitches?

A. Phenylephrine
B. Brimonidine
C. Ractopamine
D. Phenylpropanolamine
E. Isoxsuprine
A

D. Phenylpropanolamine

32
Q

Which of the following drugs’ mechanism of action is blocking vesicular monamine transporters to reduce storage of NE?

A. Ractopamine
B. Reserpine
C. Dantrolene
D. Isoxsuprine
E. Albuterol
A

B. Reserpine

33
Q

Which of the following drugs is best indicated in
surgical treatment of pheochromocytoma?

A. Phenylephrine
B. Pyridostigmine
C. Phenylpropanolamine
D. Phenoxybenzamine
E. Propanolol
A

D. Phenoxybenzamine

34
Q

Which of the following classes of diuretics has
the most potential toxicity?

A. Osmotic diuretics
B. Loop diuretics
C. Thiazide diuretics
D. Potassium sparing diuretics
E. Carbonic anhydrase
inhibitors
A

B. Loop diuretics

35
Q

Which of the following is a diuretic useful in treatment of acute renal failure?

A. Acetazolamide
B. Amiloride
C. Mannitol
D. Hydrochlorothizaide
E. Spironolactone
A

C. Mannitol

36
Q

Which class of diuretics acts to inhibit the Na+/K+/2Cl- symporter at the thick limb of the ascending loop of Henle?

A. Osmotic diuretics
B. Loop diuretics
C. Thiazide diuretis
D. Potassium sparing diuretics
E. Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
A

B. Loop diuretics

37
Q

Which of the following drugs has a positive inotropic and a negative chronotropic effect?

A. Digoxin
B. Pimobenden
C. Propanolol
D. Captopril
E. Verapamil
A

A. Digoxin

38
Q

Which of the following would be the best choice
for an antihypertensive drug in a cat that is not
hyperthyroid?

A. Epinephrine
B. Sodium nitroprusside
C. Amlodipine
D. Propanolol
E. Verapamil
A

C. Amlodipine

39
Q

What is the most appropriate for treatment of
emergency hypertension?

A. Furosemide
B. Propanolol
C. Captopril
D. Sodium nitroprusside
E. Diltiazem
A

D. Sodium nitroprusside

40
Q

What of the following drugs acts by increasing the build up of Ca2+ in the myocardial tissue?

A. Digoxin
B. Carvidilol
C. Amlodipine
D. Pimobenden
E. Verapamil
A

A. Digoxin

41
Q

What is the drug of choice for treating nephrogenic diabetes insipidus?

A. Desmopressin
B. Furosemide
C. Chlorothiazide
D. Spironolactone
E. Verapamil
A

C. Chlorothiazide

42
Q

What is the drug of choice for
treating central diabetes insipidus?

A. Desmopressin
B. Furosemide
C. Chlorothiazide
D. Spironolactone
E. Verapamil
A

A. Desmopressin

43
Q

Which of the following is not true?

A. First generation H1 blockers are more likely to cause sedation
than second generation H1
blockers
B. Most of the body’s histamine is found in the “non-mast cell
pool” of the skin, lungs, GI and
CNS
C. Catecholamines an
glucocorticoids are two types of drugs that normally inhibit
histamine release
D. H2-mediated effects primarily deal with gastric acid secretion
E. Ranitidine and nizatidine can be used as prokinetics as well as anti-ulcer drugs

A

B. Most of the body’s histamine is found in the “non-mast cell
pool” of the skin, lungs, GI and
CNS

44
Q

Which of the following drugs can be used as a treatment for hyperthyroidism?

A. Metronidazole
B. Maropitant
C. Methimazole
D. Mirtazapine
E. Metachlopramide
A

C. Methimazole

45
Q

Which of the following treatments would not be effective for a hyperthyroid cat that is not strictly kept indoors?

A. Radiation therapy
B. Methimazole
C. Hill’s y/d diet
D. Iodides
E. All of the above would be
effective
A

C. Hill’s y/d diet

46
Q

Which of the following insulin choices would be most appropriate for a 4kg dog that is diabetic but otherwise healthy?

A. Prozinc
B. Regular insulin
C. NPH
D. Vetsulin pen
E. Detemir
A

D. Vetsulin pen

47
Q

Which of the following types of insulin would not
typically be used for maintenance?

A. Prozinc
B. Regular insulin
C. NPH
D. Vetsulin pen
E. Detemir
A

B. Regular insulin

48
Q

Which of the following is a side seen only with long
term administration of glucocorticoids and not with
short term administration?

A. Lab work changes
B. PU/PD
C. Polyphagia
D. Skin changes
E. Abortion
A

D. Skin changes

49
Q

Which of the following would be contraindicated
for IV use and generally given as a ‘depot’
injection?

A. Dexamethasone
B. Prednisone acetate
C. Hydrocortisone sodium succinate
D. Triamcinalone
E. Fluticasone proprionate
A

B. Prednisone acetate

50
Q

Which of the following is not a contraindication
for glucocorticoid use?

A. Insulinoma
B. Corneal ulcer
C. Pregnancy
D. Infection
E. Concurrent use with NSAIDs
A

A. Insulinoma

51
Q

Which of the following would have the longest duration of action?

A. Prednisone sodium succinate
B. Dexamethasone
C. Hydrocortisone acetate
D. Triamcinalone sodium
phosphate
E. Betamethasone
A

C. Hydrocortisone acetate

52
Q

Which of the following could be given along with Dexamethasone to treat a case of ‘Typical’ Addison’s?

A. Fludracortisone
B. Budesonide
C. Hydrocortisone
D. Triamcinalone
E. Fluticasone
A

A. Fludracortisone

53
Q

When considering the different indications for using glucocorticoids, which of them has the LOWEST dosage requirement?

A. Diagnostic Testing (e.g. LDDS)
B. Physiological replacement (e.g. Addison’s Dz)
C. Anti-inflammatory (e.g Allergies
D. Immunosuppression (e.g. IMHA)

A

A. Diagnostic Testing (e.g. LDDS)

B. Physiological replacement (e.g. Addison’s Dz)

54
Q

Which of the following corticosteroids is MOST potent?

A. Prednisone
B. Dexamethasone

A

B. Dexamethasone

By 7-10 times more potent.

55
Q

Which of the following insulin types would you typically be classified as intermediate acting and suitable as a first-line treatment for canines?

A. Regular insulin
B. NPH insulin
C. Vetsulin
D. PZI (Prozinc)
E. Glagine
F. Detemir
A

B. NPH insuin

C. Vetsulin

56
Q

Which of the following diuretics is typically classified as “potassium sparing” or “potassium retaining”?

A. Mannitol
B. Furosemide
C. Hydrochlorothiazide
D. Spironolactone

A

D. Sprinolactone

57
Q

Which of the following therapies would significantly INCREASE serum calcium?

A. Prednisone
B. Glucagon
C. Calcitriol
D. DOCP

A

C. Calcitriol

58
Q

Antagonists at which of the following autacoid receptors are clinically used for their effect on reducing gastric acid?

A. PG (Prostaglandin)
B. H1 (Histamine)
C. H2 (Histamine)
D. 5HT (Serotonin

A

C. H2 (Histamine)

Pharmacology (7 decks)

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