Exam 2 CPR

Question 1

Underlying cause for cardiac arrest

Answer 1

Inadequate cardiac oxygenation

Question 2

What is the most important part of basic life support (BLS)?

Answer 2

Chest compressions

(use 2 min uninterrupted cycles)

Question 3

2 theories of chest compressions

Answer 3

1) Cardiac pump theory : Direct compression of the ventricles between the ribs or spinesternum -> blood flow
2) Thoracic pump theory: Compressions cause increase in intrathoracic pressure -> blood flow

Question 4

2 conditions which prevent effective external cardiac compressions

Answer 4

1) Pericardial effusion
2) Pleural space disease

Question 5

What provides an indication of adequacy of cardiac compressions?

Answer 5

ETCO2

(>15-20 mmHg)

Question 6

What creates negative intrathoracic pressure
to increase venous return (preload)?

Answer 6

Impedance Threshold Device (ITD)

Question 7

2 most common arrest rhythms in vet med

Answer 7

1) Asystole
2) Pulseless Electrical Activity (PEA) (May appear as a normal ECG but without cardiac contraction)

Question 8

What are considered as shockable rhythms?

Answer 8

Vfib / Pulseless Vtach

Question 9

Reversal agents:

Opioids -> ?
Alpha-2 agonists -> ?
Benzodiazepines -> ?

Answer 9

Opioids -> naloxone
Alpha-2 agonists -> atipamezole
Benzodiazepines -> flumazenil

Question 10

What 3 drugs are used for IT (intratracheal) admin only?

Answer 10

1) Epinephrine
2) Atropine
3) Vasopressin