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Physiology > Exam 2: Lecture 11 > Flashcards

Exam 2: Lecture 11 Flashcards

Lecture 8-10 is in notebook

1
Q

What does vascular distensibility tell us?

A

How easily a vessel increases its diameter; the larger the vascular distensibilty, the easier it is to dialate

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2
Q

How is vascular distensibility calculated?

A

(Increase in volume/increase in pressure)*original volume

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3
Q 
Distensibility to is how much greater in the veins than arteries? 
A. 8 times
B. 6 times
C. 5 times
D. Theyre equivalent
A

8 times greater

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4
Q

True or False: There is no difference in vascular distensibility between pulmonary veins and systemic veins

A

True

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5
Q 
Distensibility to is how much greater in pulmonary arteries than systemic arteries? 
A. 8 times
B. 6 times
C. 5 times
D. Theyre equivalent
A

6 times greater

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6
Q

Which of the following correctly depicts the relationship between capacitance (vascular compliance) and elastance?
A. Increase capcitance=decreased elastance
B. Decrease capacitance = decreased elastance
C. Increased capacitance= decreased elastance
D. Capacitance and elastance have no interaction

A

Increased capacitance= decreased elastance

Capacitance and elastance ahave an inverse relationship

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7
Q

Which of the following is true of capcitance in terms of distensibility?
A. Capacitance describes the distensibility of blood vessels
B. Compliance is equal to distensibilty*volume
C. None of the above are correct
D. Both A and B

A

A. Capacitance describes the distensibility of blood vessels

B. Compliance is equal to distensibilty*volume

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8
Q

True or False: Arteries have very high elastance compared to veins

A

True

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9
Q

Elastance is a vessels “bounce back” ability after a force is removed

A

You better believe it

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10
Q 
Which of the following are factors that affect pulse pressure? 
A. Stroke Volume
B. Compliance
C. Elastance
D. None of the above
E. both A and B
A

A. Stroke Volume

B. Compliance

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11
Q

True or False: Decrease compliance in compliance has the same affect on pulse pressure as does an increase in stroke volume

A

True

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12
Q 
Which of the following conditions causes abnormal contours of the pressure pulse wave? 
A. Aortic valve stenosis
B. Arteriosclerosis
C. Patent ductus
D. Aortic regurgitation
E. all of the above
A 
Causes of abnormal contours
A. Aortic valve stenosis
B. Arteriosclerosis
C. Patent ductus
D. Aortic regurgitation
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13
Q

True or False: The pressure pulse wave decreases as you head towards smaller vesicles

A

True

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14
Q

Which of the following descriptions correctly characterizes the pressure pulse wave phenomena called damping of the pressure pulse?

A. Pressure pulse wave decrease aorta to cappilaries
B. Pressure pulse increases from the aorta to the capilalries
C. Progressive reduction of pulsations from heart to periphery circulation
D. Progressive increase of pulsation from heart to periphery circulation

A

A. Pressure pulse wave decrease aorta to cappilaries

D. Progressive increase of pulsation from heart to periphery circulation

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15
Q

Why does mean arterial pressure lie closer diastolic pressure than systolic pressure

A

We spend a longer time in diastole

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16
Q 
What does central venous pressure equal? 
A. Pressure in the left atrium
B. Pressure in the right ventricle
C. Pressure in right atrium
D. Pressure in left atrium
A

C. Pressure in right atrium

17
Q 
In which of the following vessel type would you find a unicellular layer of endothelial cells? 
A. Arterioles
B. Capillaries
C. Venules
D. Arteries
A

Capillaries

18
Q 
Which structure in capillaries allow rapid diffusion of solutes and ions? 
A. Plasmalemma vesicles
B. Unicellular membrane
C. Slit pores
D. Intercellular cleft
A

Slit pores

19
Q

What is the most important factor regulating vasomotion?

A. Concentration of carbon in the tissues
B. Concentration of oxygen in the tissues
C. Rate of diffusion of oxygen in and out of tissue
D. None of the above

A

Concentration of oxygen in the tissues

20
Q

Which of the following is the most important transport for exchanging fluid in and out of capillaries?

A. Diffusion
B. Osmosis
C. Blah blah
D. None of the above

A

Diffusion

21
Q 
Lipid soluble substances like O2 or CO2 diffuse readily through which of the following? 
A. Intercellular clefts
B. Slit pores
C. Capillary cell membrane
D. None of the above
A

Capillary cell membrane

22
Q 
Non-lipid soluble substances diffuse through which of the following? 
A. Intercellular clefts
B. Slit pores
C. Capillary cell membrane
D. None of the above
A

Intercellular clefts

23
Q

Rate of water diffusion through the capillary membrane is 80x faster than
A. flow of plasma within the capillary
B. flow of diffusion of plasma through capillary membrane
C. flow of CO2
D. Water diffusion is actually the slowest thing

A

flow of plasma within the capillary

24
Q 
Why is the passage of substances through the capillary's interstitium mostly via diffusion instead of flow? 
A. Rivulets
B. Existence of proteoglycan filaments
C. Both A and B
D. None of the above
A

A. Rivulets

B. Existence of proteoglycan filaments

25
Q

Which of the following Starling forces are out ward forces that push the “stuff” out of capilalries? (select all that apply)
A. Capillary pressure (Pc)
B. Intersitial fluid pressure (Pif)
C. Capillary plasma colloid osmotic pressure (πp)
D. Interstitial colloid osmotic pressure (πif)

A 
Capillary pressure (Pc)
Interstitial colloid osmotic pressure (πif)
26
Q

Which of the following starling forces are inward forces that pushing stuff in the capillary? (select all that apply)
A. Capillary pressure (Pc)
B. Interstitial fluid pressure (Pif)
C. Capillary plasma colloid osmotic pressure (πp)
D. Interstitial colloid osmotic pressure (πif)

A

Interstitial fluid pressure (Pif)

Capillary plasma colloid osmotic pressure πp

27
Q

What factor takes into account the number and size of pores involved in filtration?

A

Capillary filtration coefficient

28
Q

What is the equation to determine filtration?

A

Filtration= Capillary filtration coefficient x Net Filtration Pressure

29
Q

How is net filtration pressure determined? (NFP=?)

A

Pc - Pif - πp + πif

30
Q

Which of the following describes the net force of filtration at the arterial end of the capillary?
A. Inward
B. Outward

A

There is a net Outward force at the arterial end of the capillary

31
Q

Which of the following describes the net force of filtration at the venous end of the capillary?
A. Inward
B. Outward

A

There is a net inward force at the venous end of the capillary

32
Q

What are the two main components that determine rate of lymph flow?

A

Interstitial fluid pressure and activity of lymphatic pump

33
Q

All of the following increase lymph flow (and interstitial fluid pressure) EXCEPT:

A. Elevated capillary hydrostatic pressure
B. Increased plasma colloid pressure
C. Increased interstitial fluid colloid osmotic pressure
D. Increased permeability

A

B. Increased plasma colloid pressure

The above is incorrect because DECREASED plasma colloid pressure increases lymph flow

34
Q

Which of the following Starling forces tends to move fluid inward at the arterial end?

A. Capillary pressure (Pc)
B. Negative Interstitial fluid pressure (Pif)
C. Plasma colloid osmotic pressure (πp)
D. Interstitial colloid osmotic pressure (πif)

A

C. Plasma colloid osmotic pressure (πp)

35
Q

Which of the following Starling forces tends to move fluid inward at the venous end?

A. Capillary pressure (Pc)
B. Negative Interstitial fluid pressure (Pif)
C. Plasma colloid osmotic pressure (πp)
D. Interstitial colloid osmotic pressure (πif)

A

C. Plasma colloid osmotic pressure (πp)

36
Q

Which of the following Starling forces tends to move fluid outward at the venous and arterial end EXCEPT?

A. Capillary pressure (Pc)
B. Negative Interstitial fluid pressure (Pif)
C. Plasma colloid osmotic pressure (πp)
D. Interstitial colloid osmotic pressure (πif)

A

C. Plasma colloid osmotic pressure (πp)

37
Q

Capillary pressure (Pc) = 10 mmHg
Negative Interstitial fluid pressure (Pif) = 3 mmHg
Plasma colloid osmotic pressure (πp) = 28 mmHg
Interstitial colloid osmotic pressure (πif) = 8 mmHg

What is the total inward force?

A

Total Inward force is 7 mmHg

Physiology (8 decks)

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