Exam 2 Pain Assessment & treatment

Question 1

Type of pain:

Praying position -> ?

Head tilt -> ?

Answer 1

Praying position -> abdominal pain

Head tilt -> ear pain

Question 2

Pain face in Equine

Answer 2

low ears, angled eye with intense stare, dilated nostrils and tension of the muzzle

Question 3

Peripheral and central sensitization are not prevented by general anesthesia

True or False?

Answer 3

True

Question 4

_____ receptors located peripherally (transduction), dorsal horn of spinal cord (modulation), and brain (perception)

Answer 4

Opioid receptors

Question 5

Most common oral opioid in dogs and cats

Answer 5

Tramadol

Question 6

Common NSAIDs approved for cattle and horses

Answer 6

Flunixin meglumine (Banamine)

Question 7

2 common NMDA antagonist

Answer 7

1) Ketamine
2) Amantidine

Question 8

Which class of drugs provides analgesia in horses?

Answer 8

alpha-2 agonists

Question 9

What alpha-2 agonist is used primarily for neuropathic and chronic pain (modulation)?

Answer 9

Gabapentin