Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

nutrition > exam 3 > Flashcards

exam 3 Flashcards

1
Q

cause of obesity

A

genetics, behavioral, metabolic, psychological

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what are environmental causes of obesity

A

over eating, learned behavior, physical activity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what do you need to do to loose weight

A

increase physical activity, and decrease calories consumed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

fat cell development

A

of fat cells determined during childhood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

set point theory

A

the body chooses a weight that it wants to be at

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

when is surgery justified for obesity

A

clinically severe obesity (obese with med. condition)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

long term success with surgery for obesity depends on

A

compliance with dietary instructions, post surgical complications,
short term-infections, nausea, vomiting, dehydration
long term-vitamin/mineral deficiencies, psychological problems

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

weight loss

A

decrease 500 cal/day will show a loss of 1 lb/week

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

are diets providing less than 800 calories successful for weight loss

A

no, they have nutritional inadequacy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what is the least calories/day for a successful weight loss

A

1200 cal/day

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

weight gain

A

build muscle, eat energy dense food three meals, large portions, extra snacks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

lipoprotein lipase

A

enzyme that promotes fat storage in fat cells and muscle cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

leptin

A

hormone under direction of obesity gene, decreases appetite and increases energy expenditure, how much fat to store

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

ghrelin

A

hormone produced by the stomach cells, trigger hypothalamus to stimulate appetite and food intake

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

vitamins

A

are non-caloric nutrients needed in trace amounts in the diet to facilitate body processes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

fat soluble vitamins

A

A,D,E,K-can cause toxicity in large amounts because they are stored

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

vitamin A

A

vision, night

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

energy dense

A

high caloric food

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

patient safety relies on

A

patient compliance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

if you have too few calories what happens to your body

A

body goes into starvation mode, less than 1200 calories/day, wont loose weight or get nutrients

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what do you need to do to loose weight

A

decrease calorie intake

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

bioavailability

A

the rate and extent that a nutrient is absorbed and used

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

what is bioavailability affected by

A

certain combinations of foods, cooking (heat), oxidation)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

can fat soluble vitamins become toxic

A

yes, your body can store them

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

what are sources of fat soluble vitamins

A

animal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

if you have a deficiency of Vitamin A, what can that cause

A

visual (blindness, night blindness)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

what is the worldwide most common cause of childhood blindness

A

Vitamin A deficiency

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

beta-carotene

A

antioxidant, keeps free radicals from damaging cells (cancer)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

sources of beta-carotene

A

vegetables (carrots)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

carrotonemia

A

eat too many carrots

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Source of Vitamin D

A

body makes it

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

what does Vitamin D help with

A

bone growth, works with Calcium & phosphorous (helps with absorption)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

too much calcium in adults can lead to

A

kidney stones (calcification)

34
Q

Vitamin E

A

antioxidant, deficiency is not common

35
Q

Vitamin K

A

blood clotting

36
Q

Water soluble vitamins

A

B, C

Cannot be stored (no toxicity)

37
Q

Vitamin B

A

assists with release of glucose, amino acids, fats

38
Q

Niacin

A

used to treat high cholesterol

39
Q

B12

A

vegans can get this deficiency

40
Q

Vitamin C

A

deficiency=scurvy
skin is dry scaly, wounds
Helps produce collagen

41
Q

dehydration S/Sx

A

dark yellow concentrated urine

42
Q

where does most of the sodium come from?

A

processed and fast foods

43
Q

Where do we get calcium from>

A

vegetables, greens

44
Q

what is the function of H2O

A

lubricates, body temperature, flush, solvent for vitamins and minerals

45
Q

electrolytes

A

maintain fluid balance

46
Q

most reliable source of chloride

A

salt NaCl

47
Q

if you have potassium loss what is a possible S/Sx

A

irregular heart beat

48
Q

who is at high risk for low potassium?

A

dehydration from diarrhea

49
Q

what is a good source of potassium

A

fruits & veggies

50
Q

world wide most common nutrient deficiency

A

iron

51
Q

how do you get trace minerals

A

eat a variety of foods

52
Q

what mineral helps with wound healing

A

zinc

53
Q

iodine is found in what

A

seafood, iodized salt

54
Q

myogloblin

A

muscle cell that transports O2

55
Q

hemaglobin

A

transports O2, has iron in it

56
Q

how do you get Mg deficiency

A

vomiting, diarrhea, alcohol abuse

57
Q

what are food sources for Mg

A

chocolate, legumes, whole grains

58
Q

phosphorous is found where

A

mineral found in membrane of cell (phospholipid bilayer

59
Q

Folate

A

to prevent neural tube defects

60
Q

pernicious anemia

A

inability to produce intrinsic factor in stomach, caused by B12 deficiency

61
Q

antioxidant

A

protects from oxygen

62
Q

free radicals

A

causes destructive changes

63
Q

teratogenic

A

abnormal fetal development

64
Q

beriberi

A

thiamin deficient

65
Q

pellagra

A

nician deficient

66
Q

niacin equivalents

A

amount of niacin present in food, and that can be made from tryptophan

67
Q

neural tube defects

A

malformation of the brain, spinal cord or both

68
Q

scurvy

A

vitamin C deficiency

69
Q

gout

A

uric acid in joints

70
Q

osteoporosis

A

porous bones, found in older people, reduce density of bones

71
Q

osteomalacia

A

soft bones, found in kids

72
Q

hemorrhagic disease

A

bleeding disorder, lack of vitamin K

73
Q

erythrocyte hemolysis

A

Vitamin E deficiency, rupture of RBC

74
Q

hemochromatosis

A

iron overload, hereditary defect

75
Q

transferrin

A

iron carrying protein

76
Q

copper helps with what

A

wound healing

77
Q

what is the most common preventable cause of mental retardation in the world

A

iodine defiency

78
Q

goiter

A

enlargement of thyroid gland

79
Q

zinc deficiency

A

decrease immune response

80
Q

selenium

A

helps thyroid function, deficiency associated with heart disease (viral)

81
Q

excess fluoride

A

white spots on teeth

nutrition (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions