Exam #3 review

Question 1

Locomotion of feet

Answer 1

Walking, Running, Hop or Jump

Question 2

How is Rapid Displacement of the C of M?

Answer 2

Forces of sufficient magnitude, applied rigid body and desired direction

Question 3

What are some ways to develop lower body power?

Answer 3

Speed and Strength

Question 4

What is Power?

Answer 4

The faster we displace something the greater the power/ equal too Force multiple by velocity

Question 5

How can one decelerate?

Answer 5

By using strength and control

Question 6

What are Polymeric contractions?

Answer 6

Eccentric and immediate concentric movements that stimulates the muscle spindle/ stretch reflex

Question 7

What are the 3 Rotations?

Answer 7

1) Transverse- leads to summersaults
2) Longitudinal axis- twisting
3) Anterior and Posterior- cartwheels (abduction and adduction)

Question 8

How do we get rotational movement instead of linear motion?

Answer 8

Using an external force starting and ending in stationary position (support, hang, balance)

Question 9

In relation to Rotation: Where is force applied relative to the C of M?

Answer 9

If force passes directly through the C of M they cause linear motion (displacement): if passed of C of M causes rotational movement: the further centre the force the greater the rotation and less linear displacement

Question 10

What is Rotational movement influenced by?

Answer 10

Force and distance (force is applied away from the axis of rotation)

Question 11

How to maximize rotation?

Answer 11

Further away less force/ Closer one is the more force there is

Question 12

What is Torque?

Answer 12

The distance between force and the axis of rotation

Question 13

What are the sub-categories of Locomotion’s position?

Answer 13

1) Supports front, back, cross

2) Hangs

Question 14

What is a Force Couple?

Answer 14

Rotation with no displacement with two equal forces in opposite direction

Question 15

What 2 FMP’s are within Rotational motion?

Answer 15

is an FMP with no sub-categories

Question 16

Define Locomotion

Answer 16

A movement pattern in which the body repetitively moves outside the base of support- the body’s C of M is moving in a linear pathway

Question 17

What are the mechanics of locomotion?

Answer 17

A) internal and external forces causing the B of S to shift
B) Causing instability and re-establishes stability
C) Repetitive nature equals repetitive forces

Question 18

What are the mechanical principles of Locomotion?

Answer 18

A) The internal forces react with the surface area that increases forces from the contact limbs
B) Maintain rigid body
C) Use of non-support limbs

Question 19

What is ground reaction force?

Answer 19

Directing force into the ground, the same force being directed upwards from the floor

Question 20

How to incorporate locomotion into programs with benefits?

Answer 20

A) Games and circuits
B) Animal walks and skipping, stress the cardiorespiratory system that increases muscular endurance and cardio endurance
C) Rope climbing develops grip strength

Question 21

Define Spring

Answer 21

Skills that are linear in motion. Non-stationary. Skills that move from B of S in a single explosive.

Question 22

How are springs similar yet different from locomotions?

Answer 22

Similar in the way of the mechanics of locomotion.

Different by the rapid displacement of the C of M it uses

Question 23

What are the relationships between the C of M and springs?

Answer 23

C of M is moving in a linear pathway. All parts of the body are moving in the same distance and In the same direction.

Question 24

What are the mechanics of springs?

Answer 24

A) The presence of powerful muscles to generate take-off.
B) A rigid body so the effect of the powerful muscles is not dissipated
C) Use of the non-support limbs to increase force, moving arms upwards increases speed

Question 25

How to keep a rigid body and develop trunk & core strength?

Answer 25

Running with resistance and increasing strength/ speed through jumping.

Question 26

What are the sub-categories of spring?

Answer 26

A) Supports

B) Balances

Question 27

How to develop lower body power?

Answer 27

Use strength and speed

Question 28

Mechanical principles to generate and alter rotation

Answer 28

a. single off-center force- for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction - ground reaction force.
b. Pair of off-center forces- force couple and displacement.
c. Effect of off-center force- the further off-center the force the greater the rotation will be, the less displacement.

Question 29

What is displacement?

Answer 29

Any force that is passing through the C of M will only generate linear motion

Question 30

Skills moved about an external axis is called ___?

Answer 30

Swing

Question 31

How do you get rotational motion instead of linear motion?

Answer 31

Use an external force starting and ending in stationary positions

Question 32

What is an internal force?

Answer 32

Muscle contractions and external forces- group reaction force and gravity

Question 32

What is an internal force?

Answer 32

Muscle contractions and external forces- group reaction force and gravity

Question 33

What are the aspects to look for to make rotations look efficient and well executed?

Answer 33

A) Body shape can increase or decrease difficulty
B) Start and end positions can be easier or harder
C) Use of gravity
D) Strength
E) Flexibility, coordination