Exam 5 Community Test Flashcards
What is DNA/nucleotides compose of?
A. Base, deoxyribose, and phosphate
The function of DNA in cells is to enable…
DNA can replicate easily, transfer information, & respond to feedback within the cell
Each DNA base is attached to the sugar by _____ bonds.
Phosphodiester covalent bonds
DNA bases on opposite strands are attached to each other by ____ bonds.
Hydrogen
DNA is a direction polymer, which means that
The strands run in opposite directions to permit base pairing between them
The polarity of the strands in a double-stranded DNA is
5’—3’
______ synthesizes DNA with the help of other enzymes, including __
DNA polymerase
helicase
DNA replication is called semi-conservative because
You have one piece of the new strand and one piece of the old strand of DNA, meaning less energy is used
______ is used to synthesize large amounts of
The Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)
B. A specific DNA fragment
In a PCR reaction, DNA primers are needed to
Starts polymerization and defines a piece of DNA that is being polymerized
_____ organisms have been essential for the development of PCR technology because
Thermos aquaticus/Taq polymerase
-stable at high temperatures so they can survive the desaturation process, used as a starting point DNA synthesis
Restriction enzymes are produced naturally by some bacteria in order to
Cut DNA at specific sequences
A palindromic DNA sequence is shown in
When the 5’—3’ and 3’—5’ show to be the exact same sequence
In a palindromic sequence, double-stranded DNA is likely to be hydrolyzed by a restriction enzyme at the locations indicated
Arrows need to be pointing the the same places in both sequences
Ex. GOOD
G A A T T ^ C
C ^ T T A A G
Ex. WRONG
G A A ^ T T C
C T T A A ^ G
Know how many amino acids & nucleotides are in a ribosome
1 codon = 3 nucleotides
3 grouped nucleotides (1 codon) codes for a specific amino acid (phe, Val, met)
