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Law > Exam > Flashcards

Exam Flashcards

1
Q

suffrage

A

right to vote

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2
Q

quota

A

system that set aside a share of the total for a specific group

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3
Q

guaranteed annual income

A

an amount of money given by the government to all citizens to pay for basic necessities

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4
Q

collective rights

A

rights as a group or nation

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5
Q

conviction

A

the accused is found guilty of an offence

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6
Q

trafficking

A

to manufacture sell or give illegal drugs to another person

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7
Q

laundering

A

to transfer money obtained from drug related or other criminal activities

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8
Q

prescription shopping

A

trying to obtain the same narcotic from different doctors

also Called double doctoring

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9
Q

roadside screening test

A

a breath test carried out on the road to determine if others are necessary

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10
Q

drugs

A

any substance that alters the function of a living organism

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11
Q

controlled substance

A

any substance listed in schedules I or IV of the controlled substances act

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12
Q

second degree murder

A

an intentional that is not premeditated nor planned or committed in a reasonable heat of passion

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13
Q

enticing

A

illegal luring/attracting of a child

under the age of 14

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14
Q

reverse onus

A

when a person has to prove their innocence of a crime instead of the crown proving guilt

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15
Q

forensic science

A

the use of medicine and science to solve legal problems

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16
Q

search

A

to look for evidence related to a crime

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17
Q

duty counsel

A

a lawyer on duty at court

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18
Q

appearance notice

A

a document that names the offence with which the accused is charged

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19
Q

a polygraph test

A

a lie detector test

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20
Q

adjournment

A

setting a trial to a later date

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21
Q

summons

A

an order to appear in a court at a certain time and place

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22
Q

recognizance

A

a document stating that the accused recognizes that they are being charged and promises to appear in court

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23
Q

remand

A

to be sent back into custody

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24
Q

disclosure

A

the process of revealing all evidence to both sides

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25
Q

search warrant

A

a document giving police the right to search a specific location

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26
Q

information

A

a written document made under oath made by a police officer stating reasonable and probable grounds to believe an offence has been committed

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27
Q

plea negotiation

A

the process of encouraging an accused to plead guilty to a lesser charge in hope of receiving a lighter sentence

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28
Q

arrest

A

to deprive a person of his or her liberty in order to lay a charge, preserve evidence or prevent the person from committing another offence

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29
Q

undertaking

A

a document signed by the accused with conditions to follow

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30
Q

warrant for arrest

A

document naming the accused listing the charge and ordering the arrest

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31
Q

double Jeopardy

A

to be tried twice for the same offence

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32
Q

sequencer

A

to isolate a jury until a decision has been reached

33
Q

stay of proceedings

A

stopping a trial until further action is taken

34
Q

similar fact evidence

A

evidence that shows the accused has previously committed a similar offence

35
Q

hung jury

A

jury that cannot reach a unanimous decision

36
Q

subpoena

A

a document ordering a person to appear in court as a witness

37
Q

empaneling

A

the process of selecting 12 jurors

38
Q

circumstantial evidence

A

indirect evidence

39
Q

voir dire

A

a trial within a trial to decide on the admissibility of the evidence

40
Q

Perjury

A

knowingly giving false evidence with an intent to mislead

41
Q

peremptory challenge

A

the challenge of a juror without giving reason

42
Q

Challenge for cause

A

challenge of a juror because they have particular knowledge about the case

43
Q

Autrefois acquit

A

the accused has already been acquitted of the charge

44
Q

Exculpatory

A

a type of statement in which the accused denies the truth of the charge

45
Q

Duress

A

committing a crime under the threat of death or immediate bodily harm

46
Q

Oath:

A

a promise to tell the truth

47
Q

Hearsay:

A

can only testify From personal knowledge

48
Q

­ Feudalism:

A

political, social and economical system prevalent in the 9th and 15th centuries in Europe. Based on the relationship between servants and lords

49
Q

­ Trial by fire:

A

the accused would hold a hot rod in their hand and it would be wrapped without treatment and if after a few days later, the hand healed, then they were innocent but if not, they were guilty

50
Q

­ Trial by water
­

A

ccused would be tied to a chair and thrown into the water, if they floated, they would be guilty but if they sank, they were innocent

51
Q

trial by combat

A

more likely to be believed that God would determine who in the case was right, if you lost the battle then you were guilty, and if you won, you were innocent.

52
Q

­ Human Rights code:

A

each province has this as a form of human rights protection

53
Q

­ Amendments:

A

changes made to the constitution

54
Q

­ Read down:

A

courts say a law is unacceptable in a case

55
Q

­ Strike down:

A

power of the court to rule a law is no longer in effect
­

56
Q

infringed

A

rights have been violated

57
Q

­ Interned:

A

in war, confined within a special area or camp

58
Q

Assimilated:

A

absorbed into the main culture of an area

59
Q

feminist

A

fight for greater rights for women in order to achieve equality

60
Q

FLQ crisis

A

the War Measures Act was imposed during this threat

61
Q

human rights

A

rights that protect one from being discriminated against by others

62
Q

stereotyping

A

applying characteristics assumed to belong to one member of a group to all

63
Q

unlawful assembly

A

when 3 or more people create a disturbance that instils fear in others changes made in the constitution
­

64
Q

employment equity

A

equal opportunity in employment

65
Q

Pay equity

A

equal pay for equal work

66
Q

ultra vires

A

beyond the authority of a government to pass a law

67
Q

recidivism

A

the return to prison of repeat offenders

68
Q

deterrence

A

a sentence that discourages a person from committing the same offence

69
Q

indeterminate sentence

A

A sentence that keeps an offender in an institution until
they can show that they will be able to return to society and display normal
behaviour

70
Q

statutory release

A

The right to be released back into the community under supervision
after serving two­thirds of a sentence if the offender has not already been released on parole

71
Q

principle of totality

A

The principle that a person who is convicted of several
violations of the same offence should not be sentenced to an overlong prison term

72
Q

intermittent sentence

A

­ A sentence served on weekends or at night

73
Q

concurrent sentence

A

A sentence where two or more crime penalties are served at the same time

74
Q

absolute discharge

A

To be discharged with no conditions and
no conviction recorded

75
Q

incarceration

A

imprisonment

76
Q

diversion programs

A

Programs directed at keeping offenders out of the prison system

77
Q

presentence report

A

­a report prepared prior to sentencing to set up their background

78
Q

Mitigating Circumstances:

A

Circumstances that lessen the responsibility of the offender

Law (3 decks)

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