Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Biochem II > Exam I: Lipidy Stuff > Flashcards

Exam I: Lipidy Stuff Flashcards

0
Q

Why is the term amphipathic this used to describe lipids? Why is it important?

A

Because they have a hydrophilic segment and a hydrophobic tail. It allows then to function as barriers in the watery environment if our bodies.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

What is the common property of lipids?

A

They are water insoluble long chain hydrocarbons with a terminal carboxyl group.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the major classes of lipids?

A
  1. Glycerolipids
  2. Phospholipids
  3. Sphingolipids
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What types of structures fall into the category of Glycerolipids?

A
  1. Triglycerols/triglycerides
  2. Glycerophospholipids
  3. Ether glycerolipids
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What structures fall into the category of phospholipids?

A
  1. Glycerophospholipids
  2. Ether Glycerolipids
  3. Sphingophospholipids
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What structures fall into the category of sphingolipids?

A
  1. Sphingophospholipids

2. Glycolipids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are important characteristics of triglycerides (5 things)

A
  1. How FA’s are stored
  2. They are esters of glycerol and FA’s
  3. A concentrated form of energy
  4. Less dense than water
  5. Don’t cause osmotic problems in body (particularly hydrophobic)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Describe structure and purposes of phospholipids.

A
  1. Like triglycerides, but replace one FA with with a phosphate headgroup (hydrophilic!)(amphipathic!)
  2. Some are esters of glycerol-3-phosphate and FA’s
  3. component of CELL MEMBRANE
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Describe structure and purposes of sphingolipids.

A
  1. Another type if membrane lipid.
  2. Have sphingosine backbone
  3. Sphingomyelins are phospholipids.
  4. 2 types: either with a carb group or a phosphate head group.
    (NANA?)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is a fatty acid?

A

Also: triglycerides.

Water insoluble long-chain hydrocarbons with a terminal carboxyl group .

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the difference between a mono-unsaturated and poly-unsaturated fatty acid?

A

Mono-unsaturated: one double bond

Poly- unsaturated: more than one double bond

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the configuration of the double bond in most naturally occurring unsaturated fatty acids?

A

Cis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the relationship of the fatty acid chain length to membrane fluidity and melting point??

A

As chain gets longer, melting point goes up. (More bonds to break)
As chain gets longer, membrane gets LESS fluid.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Relationship of degree of FA unsaturation to membrane fluidity and to melting point?

A

The less saturated, the lower the melting point (don’t pack well)

More fluid than saturated FA’s

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Which end does the delta naming count carbons from? Omega?

A

The carboxyl end. The methyl end.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the essential fatty acids?

A

Linoleic acid: B6

Linolenic acid: B3

16
Q

What percentage of fatty acids in human fat stores are unsaturated?

A

50%

17
Q

Where are fats synthesized?

A

Cytosol of liver cells (hepatocytes)

18
Q

What tissues prefer fatty acids as fuel?

A

Heart, skeletal muscle, …

19
Q

What are the 4 most prominent types of phosphoglycerides?

A
  1. Phosphatidylcholine
  2. Phosphatidylserine
  3. Phosphatidyl ethanolamine
  4. Phosphatidylinositol
20
Q

Which phospholipids are lecithins?

A

Phosphatidylcholine

21
Q

Which lecithin is a component of lung surfactant? What is the role of lung surfactant?

A

Dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine. Lung surfactant reduces the surface tension of water (fluid) lining the surface of the alveolar sac , preventing collapse.

22
Q

In what tissues are sphingolipids? Glycolipids?

A

Sphingolipids: membrane lipid concentrated in neural tissue especially white matter of brain.

Glycolipids ???

23
Q

What is sphingosine?

A

??

24
Q

Identify 2 ways membranes are asymmetrical.

A

Which side they’re on…?

25
Q

What are the roles of nucleotides: GTP, ATP, CTP, UTP

A

Notes from tutoring

26
Q

What is the other biochemical role of phosphatidylinositol, besides being a membrane component?

A

??

27
Q

What are the products of hydrolysis is PIP2?

A

??

28
Q

What is the relationship of ceramide to sphingosine.

A

??

Biochem II (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions