Exam II Flashcards
Morphological/ Typological species concept
A species is a group that is morphologically distinct from other groups
Phylogenetic species concept
A species is the smallest diagnoseable cluster of organisms within which there is a shared pattern of ancestry and descent
Biological species concept
Species or groups of actually or potentially interbreeding natural populations that are reproductively isolated from other such groups
Monophyletic
An ancestor and all of its descendants
post vs prezygotic isolation
pre -> fertilization can’t or doesn’t occur
post -> can mate; but lowered fitness, so selected against
2 major features of speciation
- Restriction of gene flow
- Time
Dispersal/Colonization vs Vicariance
founding with a group of individuals that got separated (Island hopping) vs Geology changing (Panama canal snapping shrimps)
parapatric speciation with grass on soil types in Wales
Reinforcement playing a role because hybrids have very low fitness, so different flowering times are becoming more apparent (reinforcement via prezygotic isolation)
Howe Island palm isolation
different flowering times and soil types
Auto vs Allopolyploidy
both have more than one set of chromosomes, allopolyploids have chromosomes from different spp.
Barringer 2007 takeaways
- Polyploids self more often
- shorter lifespan, more likely to self
How old is the universe? About how many galaxies are there in the universe? About how many stars are there in
each galaxy?
13.8 billion yrs old
100 bil galaxies
300 bil stars/galaxy
Drake eq.
Rate, planet, ecosystem, life, intelligence, communication, length
Fermi paradox
where life is?
Eukaryotic Cells
2100 MYA
