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Psych > Exam One > Flashcards

Exam One Flashcards

1
Q

How long do symptoms need to last to Dx MDD?

A

two weeks

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2
Q

Are women or men twice as likely to suffer from MDD?

A

women

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3
Q

Is there a gender difference in kids suffering from MDD?

A

no

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4
Q

What is Dysthymia?

A

low-grade depression that lasts for two years or more

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5
Q

What new drug used for sedation now may be used for depression?

A

ketamine

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6
Q

What two drugs are MAOIs known to interact with?

A

demerol and pseudoephedrine

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7
Q

Can SSRIs prolong QT?

A

yes

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8
Q

Do SNRIs cause weight gain?

A

yes

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9
Q

Does bipolar show preference for either sex?

A

no

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10
Q

Is a depressive episode required to Dx Bipolar?

A

no

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11
Q

What does bipolar have a high rate of compared to the general population?

A

suicide completion

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12
Q

What does mania require?

A

hospitalization

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13
Q

What is post-partum psychosis considered to be?

A

a manic episode

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14
Q

Is MDE required for Bipolar One?

A

no

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15
Q

Is MDE required for Bipolar Two?

A

yes

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16
Q

Which class of psychiatric drugs can treat the mania of bipolar?

A

antipsychotics

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17
Q

Fear is the response to what kind of threat?

A

imminent

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18
Q

Anxiety is the anticipation to what?

A

threat in the future

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19
Q

Is anxiety more common in men or women?

A

women

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20
Q

At what stage in life does anxiety begin to develop?

A

childhood

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21
Q

What other disorder often occurs with anxiety?

A

depression

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22
Q

What does avoidance lead to?

A

anxiety

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23
Q

What does exposure lead to?

A

extinction

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24
Q

Which three phobias can cause a vasovagal fainting episode?

A

blood

injection

injury

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25
Q

What type of CBT works best for specific phobias?

A

exposure

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26
Q

Is pharmacological treatment helpful for specific phobia?

A

no

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27
Q

Which two drugs are front line for Social Anxiety Disorder?

A

SSRIs or SNRIs

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28
Q

Do patients with Social Anxiety respond faster or slower to SSRIs/SNRIs than do patients with depression?

A

slower

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29
Q

A panic attack occuring during what time of the day may be diagnostic?

A

while sleeping

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30
Q

What is first line treatment for a panic disorder?

A

CBT

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31
Q

What two families of drugs are first line treatment for panic disorder?

A

SSRIs/SNRIs

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32
Q

What are patients with Panic Disorder intensely sensitive to?

A

side effects of meds

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33
Q

What does Agoraphobia tend to do?

A

genaralize

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34
Q

Does Agoraphobia tend to effect men or women more often?

A

women

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35
Q

What two disorders are commonly seen during Agoraphobia?

A

depression and substance issues

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36
Q

What is the strongest risk factor for Agoraphobia?

A

hereditary

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37
Q

Which type of drug may be more effective than SSRIs for Agoraphobia?

A

tricyclics

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38
Q

How long does Generalized Anxiety Disorder need to be present for to Dx?

A

6 months

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39
Q

What is the median age of onset for Generalized Anxiety Disorder?

A

30

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40
Q

Is Generalized Anxiety Disorder more common in men or women?

A

women

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41
Q

What may be an initial side effect of SSRI/SNRIs when treating Generalized Anxiety Disorder?

A

intitial increase in anxiety

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42
Q

Which receptor does Buspirone activate?

A

5HT1A

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43
Q

What is a compulsion in reference to OCD?

A

behavior that responds to obsession

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44
Q

The risk of what is increased during OCD?

A

suicide

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45
Q

OCD can present with what two other symptoms?

A

anxiety and depression

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46
Q

What type of CBT is used for OCD?

A

exposure and responsive therapy

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47
Q

Which specific medication may be most helpful during OCD?

A

Clomipramine

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48
Q

What two things does a child with Reactive Attachment Disorder not do?

A

seek comfort when distressed

minimally responds to comfort when distressed

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49
Q

What causes Reactive Attachment Disorder?

A

extremes of insufficient care

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50
Q

What causes Disinhibited Social Engagement?

A

changes in primary care giver

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51
Q

Does Disinhibited Social Engagement occur after adequate care giving?

A

yes

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52
Q

What is the first thing to do when assessing Reactive Attachment and Disinhibited Social Engagement?

A

if the child is safe in the home

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53
Q

After what age can PTSD occur?

A

age one

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54
Q

What is the first line treatment for PTSD?

A

CBT

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55
Q

What is the bedrock of PTSD?

A

re-exposure to traumatic memories BUT therapeutic exposure

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56
Q

Which drug can reduce nightmares in PTSD?

A

prazosin

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57
Q

Avoid what drug during PTSD? Why?

A

benzo

interfere with CBT

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58
Q

What kind of control for complex PTSD?

A

totalitarian

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59
Q

What is the Affect Regulation during Complex PTSD?

A

chronic suicidality

self-injury

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60
Q

What may a person with complex PTSD ‘feel’?

A

out of control

afraid of one-self

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61
Q

What is the timeframe for Acute Stress Disorder?

A

3 days to one month

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62
Q

What is the timeframe for an Adjustment Disorder?

A

within three months of stressor onset

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63
Q

What is the timeframe for when Adjustment Disorder resolves?

A

within six months

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64
Q

Can medical disorders can Adjustment Disorder?

A

yes

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65
Q

What is the treatment of choice for Adjustment Disorder?

A

psychotherapy

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66
Q

What disease is BASK associated with?

A

Dissociative Disorder

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67
Q

What does BASK stand for?

A

Behavior

Affect

Sensation

Knowledge

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68
Q

What is Dissociative Identity Disorder associated with?

A

severe child abuse

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69
Q

What may be confused for psychosis during Dissociative Identity Disorder? What meds dont help?

A

auditory hallucinations

anti-psychotics

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70
Q

What is the treatment of choice for Dissociative Identity Disorder?

A

psychotherapy

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71
Q

Are visual distortions more common in derealization or depersonalization?

A

derealization

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72
Q

In kids during MDD, a depressed mood may be substituted for what type of mood?

A

irritable

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73
Q

Do kids or adults have somatic complaints during depression?

A

kids

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74
Q

What is a key marker of depression in kids?

A

anhedonia

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75
Q

Childhood MDD often has what type of abuse that follows five years later?

A

substance

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76
Q

Childhood MDD can turn into what other disease?

A

bipolar

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77
Q

What is double depression?

A

dysthymia that turns into depression

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78
Q

Does Double Depression have an increased or decreased risk of suicide?

A

increased

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79
Q

Disinhibition after starting an anti-depressant can be a red flag for what issue?

A

bipolar

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80
Q

Which SNRI can increase DBP?

A

venlafaxine

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81
Q

Which SNRI can cause GI Bleed?

A

duloxetine

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82
Q

Where does serotonin syndrome get referred to?

A

ER

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83
Q

What does discontinuation syndrome look like?

A

panic attack

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84
Q

What is the leading cause of disability in ages five and up?

A

depression

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85
Q

Is there high or low concordance with depression between twins?

A

high

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86
Q

Is childhood bipolar worse or better than adult bipolar?

A

worse

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87
Q

Do kids have more or less rapid cycling with bipolar compared to adults?

A

more rapid cycling

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88
Q

What is the initial episode in child bipolar?

A

depression

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89
Q

Which anti-psychotic is especially known for galactorrhea?

A

risperidone

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90
Q

Which two antipsychotics are known to cause less weight gain?

A

aripiprazole and ziprasidone

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91
Q

Which antipsychotic causes less EPS symptoms?

A

Quietapine

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92
Q

Which pathway do antipsychotics interfere with?

A

Mesolimbic

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93
Q

Acute Dystonia can lead to a life threatening spasm of what muscle group?

A

laryngeal muscle

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94
Q

Can anti-psychotics cause orthostatic hypotension?

A

yes

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95
Q

Which anti-psychotic can cause photosensitivity?

A

thorazine

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96
Q

Use what analgesic with lithium?

A

acetominophen

97
Q

Conduct Disorder often present with what other condition?

A

ADHD

98
Q

What are the three symptoms of ADHD?

A

inattention

hyperactivity

impulsivity

99
Q

What is the first line stimulant for ADHD?

A

methylphenidate

100
Q

Which stimulant for kids with ADHD and anxiety?

A

Atomexitine

101
Q

Which stimulant for kids with ADHD and MDD?

A

wellbutrin

102
Q

Which two conditions do alpha-two agonists treat in ADHD kids?

A

extreme impulsivity and hyperactivity

103
Q

Behavioral Modifications should always be used with what when treating ADHD?

A

medications

104
Q

Does autism effect male or female more often?

A

male

105
Q

Which antipsychotic is used for ASD?

A

risperidone

106
Q

Which NMDA antagonist is used for ASD?

A

Namenda

107
Q

Do negative or positive symptoms more often manifest in adolescent schizophrenia?

A

negative

108
Q

Does schizophrenia present earlier in males or females?

A

males

109
Q

Which sex attempts suicide more often?

A

female

110
Q

Which sex is more sucsessful at suicide?

A

male

111
Q

Is Binge Eating Disorder more common in men or females?

A

men

112
Q

Is edema more common in anorexia or bulimia?

A

bulimia

113
Q

Which psychiatric disease has the highest rate of death?

A

anorexia

114
Q

Is low potassium in anorexia or bulimia?

A

bulimia

115
Q

Does anorexia have hypo or hypercholesterolemia?

A

hyper

116
Q

What does anorexia do to EKG?

A

QT prolongation

117
Q

Treatment of anorexia depends on what group?

A

family

118
Q

Which family of drugs have been show to decrease binge eating?

A

SSRIs

119
Q

Which two groups of meds may help with weight gain in eating disorders?

A

cos

atypical antipsychotics

120
Q

Overt behavior describes what sort of behavior?

A

motor

121
Q

Attitude describes the patients attitude towards who?

A

the physician/examiner

122
Q

What does patients Speech describe?

A

physical characteristics

123
Q

What does patients Speech not describe?

A

content

124
Q

What is Mood?

A

Subjective emotional experience of patient

125
Q

What is Affect?

A

Objective assessment of patients emotional responsiveness

126
Q

What does circumstantial thinking include?

A

too many irrelevant details

127
Q

What is Tangential thinking include?

A

responding to question w/o answering question

128
Q

What is derailment?

A

loss of logical ideas between sentences

129
Q

What are clang assosiations?

A

linking words together because they sound similar

130
Q

What is thought blocking?

A

abrupt stop in flow of ideas

131
Q

What is perseveration?

A

repitition of same words or ideas

132
Q

What are bizzare delusions?

A

logically impossible

133
Q

What are ideas of reference?

A

random communications are being directed at the patient

134
Q

What are ideas of influence?

A

outside influences are affecting the patients mind

135
Q

First degree relatives of a patient with MDD are more likely to abuse what drug?

A

alcohol

136
Q

Which type of bipolar does not require an MDE to Dx?

A

Type One

137
Q

What is cyclothymia?

A

fluctuating periods of hypomania and depression

138
Q

According to Jennsich, which psychiatric disorder requires good sleep hygiene?

A

bipolar

139
Q

What is the fear of during agoraphobia?

A

not being able to escape

140
Q

Agoraphobia tends to do what? What does this lead to?

A

generalize

being home bound

141
Q

When does Trichotillomania usually manifest?

A

puberty

142
Q

What is the minimum age for a Dx of Disinhibited Social Engagement diagnosis?

A

nine months

143
Q

After what age is Disinhibited Social Engagement unlikely to occur?

A

two years

144
Q

What type of disability can trigger depression in kids?

A

learning

145
Q

What three drugs are replacing lithium as a mood stabilizer?

A

valproate

lamotrigine

carbamazepine

146
Q

What does a coarse tremor mean when a patient is on lithium?

A

toxicity

147
Q

What does Khosavari say agoraphobia is a big risk factor for?

A

suicide

148
Q

When is the onset for Intellectual disability?

A

during developmental period

149
Q

What is a defect in Adaptive Functioning?

A

failure to meet standards for personal independence and social responsibility

150
Q

Without ongoing support, there will be limits in the functioning of what three areas?

A

communication

independent living

social participation

151
Q

When is Criteria B met?

A

when one domain is sufficiently impaired that ongoing support is needed

152
Q

What are specifiers strongly influenced by?

A

adaptive functioning

153
Q

What is a person with Mild Specifier is at risk of being what?

A

manipulated

154
Q

A mild specifier needs help with what three things?

A

health care

legal decisions

raising a family

155
Q

How do Moderate Specifiers compare to their peers?

A

lag behind peers

156
Q

A Moderate Specifier has academic skills at what level?

A

elementary level

157
Q

Does a moderate specifier need help at work?

A

yes

158
Q

Can a moderate specifier become independent?

A

yes

159
Q

What type of behavior can develop in a Moderate specifier?

A

maladaptive behavior

160
Q

Do severe specifiers require extensive support?

A

yes

161
Q

What two groups support a severe specifier?

A

family and friends

162
Q

Do severe specifiers require help in some or all areas?

A

all

163
Q

What type of maladaptive behavior is present in Severe specifiers?

A

self-injury

164
Q

What type of communication for a profound specifier?

A

non-verbal and non-symbolic

165
Q

Screen for what in all mental health disorders?

A

suicide

166
Q

Are intellectual disabilities static?

A

no

167
Q

Is intellectual disability progressive or non-progressive?

A

non

168
Q

What percentage of mental disability has no clear origin?

A

30-40%

169
Q

Are there more males or females with mild and severe learning impairment?

A

males

170
Q

At what point is a diagnosis of intellectual disability made?

A

whenever criteria are met

171
Q

Prevalence of co-morbid mental health disorders may be occuring at what rate compared to general population?

A

3-4 times

172
Q

In regards to schizophrenia, what does referential mean?

A

things are being directed at them

173
Q

What does erotomanic mean in regards to schizophrenia?

A

think others are in love with them

174
Q

In regards to schizophrenia, what does nihilistic mean?

A

major catastrophe is about to happen

175
Q

In regards to schizophrenia, what does somatic mean?

A

preoccupation with health or organs

176
Q

In regards to schizophrenia, what must Disorganized Speech do?

A

impair communication

177
Q

In regards to schizophrenia, what does incoherence resemble?

A

receptive aphasia

178
Q

Other than in schizophrenia, catatonia can occur in what two other mental illnesses?

A

bipolar and depression

179
Q

Is the morbidity of schizophrenia caused by negative or positive symptoms?

A

negative

180
Q

What is Avolution?

A

decrease in motivated, self-initiated purposeful movements

181
Q

What is Alogia?

A

diminished speech output

182
Q

Does schizotypical have social anxiety?

A

yes

183
Q

Over 50% of schizotypical have what other symptom? How many are diagnosed with it?

A

MDD

30-50%

184
Q

Is schizotypical more common in male or females?

A

male

185
Q

How long do delusions have to be present for to Dx?

A

one month

186
Q

What are two common symptoms of Delusional Disorder?

A

anger and jealousy

187
Q

What is the most common type of Delusional Disorder?

A

persecutory

188
Q

What is the minimum length a Brief Psychotic Disorder may last?

A

one day

189
Q

What is the maximum length a Brief Psychotic Disorder may last?

A

one month

190
Q

Does a brief psychotic episode have a severe or minimal disturbance?

A

severe

191
Q

Brief psychotic disorder has an increased risk of what?

A

suicide

192
Q

Is Brief Psychotic Disorder more common in males or females?

A

female

193
Q

Can a Brief Psychotic Disorder occur across a persons lifetime?

A

yes

194
Q

What is the time frame for schizophreniform?

A

1-6 month

195
Q

What is the incidence of schizophreniform compared to schizophrenia in developed countries?

A

5-fold less

196
Q

How many schizophreniform patients completely recover?

A

one third

197
Q

Do schizophrenics have insight into their condition? What does this mean? Coping or symptom?

A

no

predicts non-adherence

symptom

198
Q

What is the incidence of schizophrenia?

A

0.3-0.7%

199
Q

What percentage of schizophrenics has depression?

A

50%

200
Q

What percentage of schizophrenics have a good outcome?

A

20%

201
Q

Do psychotics symptoms get better or worse with schizophrenia over time?

A

get better

202
Q

Does schizophrenia occur more often in a rural or urban setting?

A

urban

203
Q

Do males or females have an earlier incidence of schizophrenia?

A

higher

204
Q

Do male or female psychotic schizophrenic symptoms worsen or get better over a lifetime?

A

females worsen

205
Q

Schizophrenic often comorbidly presents with what three other symptoms?

A

anxiety

OCD

panic

206
Q

50% of schizophrenics do what?

A

use tobacco

207
Q

How long does schizoaffective need to last before being diagnosed?

A

two weeks

208
Q

Are the negative symptoms better or worse in schizoaffective compared to schizophrenia?

A

better

209
Q

Is schizoaffective more common in males or females?

A

females

210
Q

What percentage of medication induced psychosis is there?

A

7-25%

211
Q

What percentage of schizophrenics get catatonia?

A

35%

212
Q

Does schizophrenia have decreased gray matter or white matter?

A

gray

213
Q

What part of the brain may be responsible for negative symptoms of schizophrenia?

A

frontal

214
Q

Homicide may be increased how many fold in schizophrenics?

A

10 fold

215
Q

What type of hallucinations correlate with violence?

A

auditory

216
Q

Are the negative or positive symptoms of schizophrenia more closely related to prognosis?

A

negative

217
Q

Can glutamate agonists or antagonists cause relapse in schizophrenia?

A

antagonists

218
Q

Which four brain areas are decreased in size during schizophrenia?

A

hippocampus

thalamus

temporal

prefrontal cortex

219
Q

Which ventricles are enlarged during Schizophrenia?

A

lateral and third

220
Q

What does insight mean?

A

does a patient know theyre ill

221
Q

What does judgement mean?

A

does a patient understand the consequences

222
Q

Children of patients with MDD have an increased risk of which two diseases?

A

anxiety and ADHD

223
Q

What type of symptoms predict recurrence of depression?

A

residual symptoms

224
Q

Do people with mania of bipolar think there is something wrong?

A

no

225
Q

What is Dissociative Amnesia?

A

selective for specific event

226
Q

All kids with mental illness get what?

A

drug screen

227
Q

What is the key symptom of depression in kids?

A

anhedonia

228
Q

Monitor for what potential poor outcome with amphetamines?

A

blunted affect

229
Q

What intelligence test for intellectual disability?

A

WAIS

230
Q

What is the IQ of a Mild Specifier? Percent that occupies this?

A

50/55-70

85%

231
Q

What is the IQ of a Moderate Specifier? Percent that occupies this?

A

40-55

10%

232
Q

What is the IQ of a Severe Specifier? Percent that occupies this?

A

20-35

3-4%

233
Q

Which two diseases can have a higher rate of suicide if presenting with psychosis?

A

MS and epilepsy

234
Q

Hallucinations are included in what part of the mental exam?

A

perception

235
Q

Is Hypomania Bipolar One or Two?

A

one

236
Q

Is Mania Bipolar One or Two?

A

two

237
Q

What are the two aspects of Adaptive Functioning?

A

personal independence

social responsibility

238
Q

What is the rate of incidence of schizophreniform to schizophrenia in developing countries?

A

equal

239
Q

Can cognitive symptoms of schizophrenia progress?

A

yes

Psych (2 decks)

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