Extracting Metals and Equilibria Flashcards
What is oxidisation (not electrolysis)
Something gaining oxygen
Reactivity Series
P
S
C
M
A
C
Z
I
H
C
S
G
Test to see how reactive things are
Dilute HCl
What is produced when (some) metals react with water
Metal hydroxide + Water
OR (less reactive metals)
Metal + steam –> metal oxide + hydrogen
What are redox reactions
Where reduction and oxidisation happen at the same time
Examples of methods used to extract metals
Electrolysis
Reduction with Carbon
Bioleaching
Phytoextraction
What is bioleaching
Using bacteria to separate metals from their ores
The leachate contains metal ions which can be extracted using electrolysis or displacement
What is phytoextraction
Growing plants in soil with metal compounds
The plants take up the metals
They are then burnt and the metal extracted
What does recycling do
Conserves resources and energy
Protects the environment
Creates jobs
Cuts down on landfill
What are the main 4 sections of a life cycle assessment
Choice of material
Manufacture
Product use
Disposal
what is a reversible reaction
Where products and reactants can both be formed
What happens and under what conditions during the Haber process
Nitrogen and Hydrogen react to form ammonia
450 degrees and 200 atm and an iron catalyst
What is equilibrium
Where both the forward and reverse reaction are going at the same rate
It can only happen in a closed system
What is Le Chatelier’s principle
That equilibrium will shift to oppose any change made to the system
What are the changes that you can make to a system
Temperature
Pressure
Concentration
