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ADT Final > Eye > Flashcards

Eye Flashcards

1
Q

Etiology/Offending Agent: Bacterial Conjunctivitis

A

S. aureus, S. pneumoniae, H. influenzea, M. catarrahalis

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2
Q

Medications used to treat: Bacterial Conjunctivitis

A

Erythromycin ointment or polymixin B-trimethoprim drops

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3
Q

Dose of Medication used to treat: Bacterial Conjunctivitis

A

Erythromycin ointment 5mg/g; 0.5 inch ribbon in each lower conjunctival sac up to 6x/day x 5-7 days
polymixin B 10000 units/mg/ml solution; 1 drop in eye(s) q3h x7-10 days; Max 6 doses daily;

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4
Q

Special instructions: Erythromycin ointment

A

Massage eyelids and after 1 minute wipe away excess

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5
Q

Special instructions: polymixin B-trimethoprim drops

A

Close eye 2-3 minutes and hold inner corner of eye

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6
Q

Age Considerations: Erythromycin ointment

A

Ointment is preferred over drops for children, those with poor compliance, or those in whom it is difficult to administer eye medications

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7
Q

Age Considerations: polymixin B-trimethoprim drops

A

Do not use in patients under 2 months of age

Drops are usually preferred in adults

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8
Q

Pregnancy Category: Erythromycin ointment

A

B

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9
Q

Pregnancy Category: polymixin B-trimethoprim drops

A

C

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10
Q

Breastfeeding Safety: Erythromycin ointment

A

Caution in breastfeeding

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11
Q

Breastfeeding Safety: polymixin B-trimethoprim drops

A

Caution in breastfeeding

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12
Q

SE: Erythromycin ointment

A

Ocular irritation, redness, burning, stinging, itching, and tearing

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13
Q

SE: polymixin B-trimethoprim drops

A

Superinfection, diaphoresis, burning, stinging, edema, circumocular rash

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14
Q

MOA: Erythromycin ointment

A

Inhibits RNA-dependent protein synthesis

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15
Q

MOA: polymixin B-trimethoprim drops

A

Increases cell wall permeability and folate agonist

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16
Q

Generic Name: Ilotycin

A

Erythromycin ointment

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17
Q

Generic Name: Polytrim

A

polymixin B-trimethoprim drops

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18
Q

Trade Name: Erythromycin ointment

A

Ilotycin

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19
Q

Trade Name: polymixin B-trimethoprim drops

A

Polytrim

20
Q

Medication Considerations: Erythromycin ointment

Condition: Bacterial conjunctivitis

A

Highly contagious 24-48 hours after therapy begins, wash hands carefully to prevent spread, do not touch applicator to eye

21
Q

Medication Considerations: polymixin B-trimethoprim drops

Condition: Bacterial conjunctivitis

A

Highly contagious 24-48 hours after therapy begins, wash hands carefully to prevent spread, do not touch applicator to eye

22
Q

Clinical Presentation: Bacterial conjunctivitis

A

Redness and discharge in one or both eyes
Eye often is “stuck shut” in the morning
Thick, purulent, globular, discharge that continues throughout day

23
Q

Diagnosis: Bacterial conjunctivitis

A

Diagnosis of exclusion

24
Q

Etiology/Offending Agent: Allergic Conjunctivitis

A

Seasonal release of airborne allergens (pollen, smoke, etc.)

25
Q

Medications used to treat: Allergic Conjunctivitis

A

Azelistine (Optivar)

26
Q

Dose of Azelistine used to treat: Allergic Conjunctivitis

A

Optivar 0.05%

27
Q

Special instructions: Azelastine

A

1 drop in eye(s) BID

28
Q

Age Considerations: Azelastine

A

Avoid in children under age 3

29
Q

Pregnancy Category: Azelastine

A

C

30
Q

Breastfeeding Safety: Azelastine

A

Safety unknown

31
Q

SE: Azelastine

A

Headache; ocular stinging, burning, or pain; blurred vision; dyspnea; bitter taste, rhinitis, pharyngitis

32
Q

MOA: Azelastine

A

Selectively antagonizes histamine H1 receptors; inhibits histamine release from mast cells

33
Q

Generic Name: Optivar

A

Azelastine

34
Q

Trade Name: Azelastine

A

Optivar

35
Q

Medication Considerations: Allergic Conjunctivitis

A

Highly contagious for 7-14 days after symptoms start, wash hands carefully to prevent spread

36
Q

Clinical Presentation: Allergic Conjunctivitis

A

Injection
Watery or mucous discharge
Burning, sandy, or gritty feeling in one eye
Second eye usually becomes involved within 24 to 48 hours
Clinical course parallels that of the common cold

37
Q

Medications used to treat: Allergic Conjunctivitis

A

Loratidine (Claritin)

38
Q

Dose of Loratidine used to treat: Allergic Conjunctivitis

A

10 mg PO daily

39
Q

Age Considerations: Loratidine

A

Ages 2-6: 5 mg tab or solution PO daily

This drug may be potentially inappropriate for use in geriatric patients (BEERS)

40
Q

Pregnancy Category: Loratidine

A

B

41
Q

Breastfeeding Safety: Loratidine

A

Probably safe

42
Q

SE: Loratidine

A

Bronchospasm, elevated BP, headache, dry mucous membranes; caution in liver or kidney impairment or PKU

43
Q

MOA: Loratidine

A

Selectively antagonizes peripheral histamine H1 receptors

44
Q

Generic Name: Claritin

A

Loratidine

45
Q

Trade Name: Loratidine

A

Claritin

46
Q

Medication Considerations: Loratidine

A

Effects may be potentiated when used with other sedative drugs or ethanol
May be administered without regard to meals.

ADT Final (2 decks)

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