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Embryology Dev & Fxn > Eye/Ear Dev > Flashcards

Eye/Ear Dev Flashcards

1
Q

What 4 structures are the eyes developed from?

A
  1. Neuroectoderm of the Forebrain
  2. Surface Ectoderm of the head
  3. Mesoderm (between above 2 layers)
  4. Neural Crest cells
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2
Q

When do the eyes begin to develop?

A

22 days GA when the Optic Grooves appear.

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3
Q

The Neuroectoderm of the Forebrain produces:

A

Retina
Posterior layers of Iris
Optic Nerve

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4
Q

The Surface Ectoderm of head produces:

A

Lens

Corneal Epithelium

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5
Q

The Mesoderm between Neuroectoderm and Surface ectoderm produces:

A

Fibrous & vascular coats of the eye

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6
Q

Neural Crest Cells (migrate to mesoderm) and Differentiate into:

A

Choroid
Sclera
Coroneal Endothelium

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7
Q

The eyes first appear at 22 Days in the _________ ______.

A

Neural Folds

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8
Q

The neural folds fuse forming________

A

Forebrain

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9
Q

The Optic grooves—>hollow diverticula–>______ _______.

A

Optic Vesicle

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10
Q

The Optic Vesicle contacts with?

A

Surface ectoderm

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11
Q

The cavities of optic vesicles are continuous with the ______ ___ ____ __________.

A

Cavity of the Forebrain

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12
Q

What structure that develops the eye will develop into the lens?

A

Surface Ectoderm of the head

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13
Q

The Diencephalon is the “inner brain” and contains the (3 things)

A
  1. Thalamus
  2. Hypothalamus
  3. Pineal Gland
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14
Q

The Diencephalon is a “relay” system and it does what?

What is it involved in?

A

Accepts sensory input and relays it to other parts of the body.

Breathing
Swallowing
Emotion

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15
Q

The Optic Vesicle grows from the______ ___

A

Distal end

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16
Q

The ____ _____ forms from a connection of the Optic vesicle to the Forebrain.

A

Optic Stalk—-at the same time the surface endoderm adjacent to the vesicle thickens forming the Lens Placodes (lens)

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17
Q

The Lens Placodes invaginates deep into surface ectoderm forming a _____ for the lens.

A

Pit

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18
Q

The Lens pits:

A

Fuse together, contain lens vesicles, and lose connection with surface ectoderm

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19
Q

The Optic vesicles invaginate to form double-walled _______ _____.

A

Optic cups

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20
Q

The Optic cups are connected to the developing brain by the _______ ______.

A

Optic stalk

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21
Q

The Optic cup becomes the:

A

Retina

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22
Q

The Optic stalk becomes the:

A

Optic Nerve

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23
Q

The Lens and part of Cornea develop from:

A

Ectoderm and Mesoderm

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24
Q

The rim of the Optic cup is large at first, but it folds in around the _____

A

Lens

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25
Q

After the Optic cup folds in around the lens, it loses connection with _______ _________ and enters cavity of optic cup.

A

Surface Ectoderm

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26
Q

The Optic disc forms from the____ ____ of the Optic cup.

A

Optic fissure

27
Q

The Optic disc is continuous with the

A

Optic Stalk, contributes to dev of Optic nerve

28
Q

Name the part of the ear that contains fluid and is A/W balance & sensory input w/in the ear & translates movement in the brain

A

Otic Vesicle

29
Q

Which middle ear bone is the smallest & lightest?

A

Stapes

30
Q

What part of the ear contains the 3 bones & tympanic membrane?

A

The Middle ear

31
Q

Name the vascular structure that encircles the anterior chamber of the eye. The Aqueous humor is returned from the eye through it to blood circulation.

A

Scleral Venous Sinus

32
Q

What eye defect gives the pupil a keyhole appearance?

A

Coloboma of the Iris

33
Q

Which of these develops into the Retina?

Wall of the Optic Cup
Optic Stalk
Neural folds

A

Wall of the Optic Cup

34
Q

What structure develops into the lens?

What are the other 3?

A

Surface Ectoderm of the head

Neuroectoderm of Forebrain
Mesoderm
Neural Crest Cells

35
Q

Ear tags & preauricular sinus’ may be A/W?

A

Renal anomalies

36
Q

The _______ is the last part of the Pinna to Develop

A

Ear Lobe

37
Q

The _________ develops from the 1st & 2nd Pharyngeal Arches surrounding the 1st Pharyngeal Groove

A

Pinna

38
Q

The Eustachian tube of an infant is:

3 things vs. an adults

A

Shorter
Narrower
Straighter (10 degrees vs. 45)

39
Q

The ______ is the smallest bone in the inner ear. It is innervated by CN 7

A

Stapes- it is located between Incus & inner ear. It transmits sound vibrations from the Incus to the Oval Window (covering over the inner ear)

40
Q

The _______ receives vibrations and transmits them.

A

The Incus. –Connects Malleus to Stapes.

41
Q

The ________transmits sound from the tympanic membrane to the middle ear.

A

Malleus

42
Q

The Middle ear is composed of:

A

3 ear bones (malleus, incus, stapes)
&
Tympanic Membrane

43
Q

The External ear is composed of:

A

Pinna
Ear Canal
Ear drum

44
Q

The ear is composed of 3 parts, name them:

A

External, Middle, Inner ear.

45
Q

Muscles of the eye come from the _____ Pharyngeal ______ and are supplied by ____ _______.

A

2nd Pharyngeal arch.

CN 7.

46
Q

The eyelids are formed from ______ ______ ______ & ________ covering the cornea.

A

Neural Crest Cells & Ectoderm

47
Q

The eyelids remain fused until ____-____ wks

A

26-28 wks

48
Q

The ______ is the white, protective outer layer of the eye.

A

Sclera

49
Q

The ______ is the vascular network of the eye.

A

The Choroid

50
Q

What is the function of the Cornea?

A

To ReFRact light and contribute to focusing

51
Q

In what condition is the lens Opaque and appears grayish-white?

A

Congenital Cataracts

52
Q

What gives shape to the eye and helps to reflect light?

A

Liquids of the eye (humor)

53
Q

_________ __________ is a transparent, colorless gel. It fills the space between the ______ & _______. It helps keep the Retina in place.

A

Vitreous Humor

Lens & Retina

54
Q

The _________ allows the eye to focus on objects at distance.

A

Lens

55
Q

The color of the iris is _____ _____ or ____ in most infants. Color is definitive by ___-___ months.

A

Light blue or gray.

6-10 months.

56
Q

Retinal detachment can occur when ______ & ______of the _______ fail to fuse & form the Retina.

A

Inner & Outer layers

Optic Cups

57
Q

A Coloboma is a hole in one of these eye structures:

A

Iris
Retina
Choroid
Optic Disc

58
Q

Infants are: Farsighted/Nearsighted?

A

Farsighted

59
Q

The Optic Cup (formed from the Optic vesicle) becomes the _______ & the ______ _______ becomes the optic nerve.

A

Retina

Optic Stalk

60
Q

The eye forms from the _______ ______ which protrudes from the _____ ____ in the Diencephalon (inner brain-Thalamus, Hypothalamus, and Pineal Gland)

A

Optic Vesicles

Optic Grooves

61
Q

When is there first evidence of the eye?

A

22 Days after fertilization

62
Q

What layer of the Optic cup is light sensitive?

A

The Inner layer “neural retina”

63
Q

Melanin that pigments the Retina produced at ____ wks GA.

A

6 wks

Embryology Dev & Fxn (3 decks)

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