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GI > FA GI Pharm > Flashcards

FA GI Pharm Flashcards

1
Q

Reversible block of histamine H2-receptors –> decreased H+ secretion by parietal cells

A

H2 blockers

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2
Q

Irreversibly inhibit H+/K+ ATPase in stomach parietal cells

A

Proton pump inhibitors

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3
Q

Bind to ulcer base, providing physical protection and allowing HCO3- secretion to reestablish pH gradient in the mucous layer

A

Bismuth, sucralfate

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4
Q

A PGE1 analog. Increased production and secretion of gastric mucous barrier, decreased acid production

A

Misoprostol

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5
Q

Long-acting somatostatin analog

A

Octreotide

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6
Q

Provide osmotic load to draw water out

A

Osmotic laxatives

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7
Q

treats hepatic encephalopathy since gut flora degrade it into metabolites (lactic acid and acetic acid) that promote nitrogen excretion as NH4+

A

Lactulose

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8
Q

Monoclonal antibody to TNF-alpha

A

Infliximab

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9
Q

A combination of sulfapyridine (antibacterial) and 5-aminosalicyclic acid (anti-inflammatory). Activated by colonic bacteria.

A

Sulfasalazine

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10
Q

5-HT3 antagonist; decreased vagal stimulation. Powerful central-acting antiemetic

A

Ondansetron

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11
Q

D2 receptor antagonist. Increased resting tone, contractility, LES tone, motility. Does not influence colonic transport time

A

Metoclopramide

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12
Q

CU: peptic ulcer, gastritis, mild esophageal reflux

A

H2 blockers

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13
Q

Ex: cimetidine, ranitidine, famotidine, nizatidine

A

H2 blockers

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14
Q

Ex: omeprazole, lanzoprazole, esmoeprazole, pantoprazole, dexlansoprazole

A

PPIs

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15
Q

CU: peptic ulcer, gastritis, esophageal reflux, ZES

A

PPIs

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16
Q

Tox: increased risk of C diff infxn, pneumonia, hip fractures, decreased serum Mg with long term use

A

PPIs

17
Q

CU: increased ulcer healing, traveler’s diarrhea

A

Bismuth, sucralfate

18
Q

Potent inhibitor of cytochrome P450; anti androgen effects; can cross BBB and placenta, decreases renal excretion of creatinine

A

Cimetidine

19
Q

CU: prevention of NSAID-induced peptic ulcers (NSAIDs block PGE1 production); maintenance of a PDA; also used to induce labor (“ripens cervix”).

A

Misoprostol

20
Q

Tox: Diarrhea, abortifacient

A

Misoprostol

21
Q

CU: acute variceal bleeds, acromegaly, VIPoma, carcinoid

A

Octreotide

22
Q

Tox: nausea, cramps, steatorrhea

A

Octreotide

23
Q

Tox (group): can affect absorption, bioavailability, or urinary excretion of other drugs by altering gastric and urinary pH or by delaying gastric emptying; hypokalemia

A

Antacids

24
Q

Tox: Constipation and hypophosphatemia; proximal muscle weakness, osteodystrophy, seizures

A

Aluminum hydroxide

25
Q

Tox: Hypercalcemia, rebound acid increase, can chelate and decrease effectiveness of other drugs (tetracycline)

A

Calcium carbonate

26
Q

Tox: diarrhea, hyporeflexia, hypotension, cardiac arrest

A

Magnesium hydroxide

27
Q

Cu: constipation

A

osmotic laxatives

28
Q

Ex: Mg hydroxide, Mg citrate, polyethylene glycol, lactulose

A

osmotic laxatives

29
Q

CU: Crohn’s, UC, RA, ankylosing spondylitis, psoriasis

A

Infliximab

30
Q

CU: UC, Crohn’s

A

Sulfasalazine

31
Q

CU: control vomiting postoperatively and in pts undergoing cancer chemotherapy

A

Ondansetron

32
Q

CU: diabetic and post-surgery gastroparesis, antiemetic

A

Metoclopramide

33
Q

Tox: diarrhea, dehydration; may be abused by bulimics

A

osmotic laxatives

34
Q

Tox: infection, reactivation of latent TB, fever, hypotension

A

Infliximab

35
Q

Tox: malaise, nausea, sulfonamide toxicity, reversible oligospermia

A

Sulfasalazine

36
Q

Tox: headache, constipation

A

Ondansetron

37
Q

Tox: increased parkinsonian effects. restlessness, drowsiness, fatigue, depression, nausea, diarrhea.

A

Metoclopramide

38
Q

Metoclopramide is notable for drug interactions with what types of meds?

A

Digoxin, diabetic agents

39
Q

Metoclopramide is contraindicated in what conditions?

A

Small bowel obstruction or Parkinson dz (D1-receptor blockade)

GI (3 decks)

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