Factors influencing health status + burden of disease Flashcards
1
Q
Smoking (tobacco) - risk factors
A
- Smoking tobacco > increased risk of asthma attack > make symptoms difficult to control
- Smoking tobacco > fault in body cells as they divide > tumour > lung cancer
2
Q
Alcohol misuse definition
A
The excessive consumption of alcohol, including alcoholism and binge-drinking. Prolonged alcohol misuse can indicate the presence of an alcohol misuse disorder.
3
Q
Alcohol use - risk factors
A
- High BMI: Alcohol contains energy > increases weight gain > obesity > type 2 diabetes
- Mental health issues: Alcohol is a depressant > depressive symptoms > risk of suicide and self-inflicted injuries
4
Q
High BMI definition
A
Relates to the amount of body weight an individual is carrying.
5
Q
High BMI - risk factors
A
- Cardiovascular disease: High BMI > greater strain on heart > increased risk of hypertension > heart attack
6
Q
Underconsumption of vegetables/fruits - risks
A
- Cardiovascular disease: low antioxidant consumption > greater impact of free radicals on body’s cells > cardiovascular disease
- High BMI: increased consumption of energy dense foods > weight gain > increased risk of high BMI.
7
Q
Underconsumption of dairy - risks
A
- Osteoporosis: Calcium deficiency > weak, brittle bones > osteoporosis
- Type 2 diabetes: More likely to consume foods with greater amounts of sugar and carbohydrates > weight gain > type 2 diabetes
8
Q
High intake of fat - risks
A
- High BMI: High intake of fat > excess energy unused > weight gain > high BMI
- Cardiovascular disease: High intake of saturated & trans fats > increased LDL cholesterol levels in blood > narrowing of arteries > atherosclerosis
9
Q
High intake of salt - risks
A
- Hypertension: Excess sodium > draws excess fluid out of cells > increased blood volume > hypertension
- Cardiovascular disease: Hypertension > forces heart to work harder > if heart cant keep up with demands of body > heart failure
10
Q
High intake of sugar - risks
A
- High BMI: excess sugar consumption > stored as fat > weight gain overtime > high BMI
- Dental caries: High intake of sugar > food source for bacteria in mouth > dental decay > impacted mental h&w > reduced self-esteem
11
Q
Low intake of fibre - risks
A
- Colorectal cancer: fibre keeps the digestive system clean > reduces risk of abnormal cells developing in rectum > low intake associated with higher rates of morbidity and mortality of colorectal cancer
12
Q
Low intake of iron - risks
A
- Anaemia: deficiency in iron > less oxygen transferred from blood > struggle to generate energy > weakness
