family violence Flashcards
Interpersonal & intimate partner abuse effects:
amoung ppl who know eachother • Intimate partners • Family members • Friends • Colleagues • Teachers -span of fam and ages - same-sex realationshops -more males against females, increased risk during preg
Common Characteristics of abuse
- Social isolation
- Alcohol, other drug abuse
- Intergenerational transmission process
- Abuse of power, control
Areas of mandatory F.V screening
Maternity, ER, mental health, pediatrics
Indicators of abuse
- Bilateral diminution of injuries, or injuries to multiple sites.
- Contusions, lacerations, abrasions, bruising, stab wounds, burn, human bites, fractures (particularly of the nose and orbits) and spiral wrist fractures.
- Sexual assault (including unwanted sexual contact by a partner)
- injuries of vaginal bleeding during pregnancy, spontaneous or threatened miscarriages.
- Multiple injuries, such as bruises, burns, scars, at different stages of healing.
- Substantial delay between time of injury and presentation for treatment
- tufts of hair pulled out
- strangulation/ choking.
Indicators- medical (SDHB)
- Headaches, migraines.
- Musculoskeletal complaints.
- Gynaecological problems.
- Chronic pain.
- Malaise, fatigue.
- Depression.
- Insomnia.
- Anxiety.
- Chest pain, palpitations.
- Gastrointestinal disorders.
- Hyperventilation.
- Eating disorders.
Neglected children
•be sickly and fail to thrive (maybe not be at the height or size by a curtain age)
•look uncared for, under-nourished, constantly dirty, ill or cold
•Have difficulty learning through being tired, hungry or ill.
-have abnormal patterns of cortisol production that can remain after they have been moved into a safe and loving home.
Elder Abuse
- 3-10% of older individuals may experience some form of abuse or neglect
- Age Concern NZ reports that 42% of cases of elder financial or material abuse
- usually family members
- 16% of psychological absue in rest homes
- cants stick up for themselves
Nursing assessment
- Physical examination; preservation of evidence (rape kit/rape protocol)
- Description of what happened (tried to do it so only need explained once so have examiner and police
Nursing treatment and interventison
- Immediate support
- Education
- Prophylactic treatment of STIs, pregnancy
- Therapy to restore sense of control
Nurses roll in FV
- Preventions
- Screening (normalized)
- Intervention
Principles of validation
many victims feel shame and guilt. Reassurance that it is not their fault and that help is available is paramount.
- Let them know you believe them.
- Let them know you are glad they told you.
- Let them know you are sorry it happened.
- Let them know it is not their fault.
- Let them know you will help.
Support and empowerment
-listen, acknowledge , validate, inform
National Child Protection Alert System
- Any child up to 18 yrs where child abuse is suspected and/or confirmed and a referral is made to Oranga Tamariki;
- A medical assessment request by Oranga Tamariki;
- A pregnant woman where there are identified vulnerabilities.
• alert can be viewed on the National Medical Warning System and local DHB patient management systems i.e. iPM. If recorded in one DHB, becomes part of national DHB if family moves around.
Vulnerable Children’s Act 2014/2017
- Duty to take reasonable steps to protect children and vulnerable adults.
- Penalty for failure of a third party to protect, expressly staff members of hospitals, institution,s or residences where they reside
Refer to Oranga Tamariki if
- Injuries are suspicious, or clearly result of physical abuse. Interactions between child and parent or caregiver seem angry, or threatening.
- Child states they are fearful of parents or have been hurt by them.
- Multiple risk indicators such as partner abuse, alcohol
